王不留行及其伪品的性状和显微鉴别
Characteristics and Microscopic Identification of Vaccaria segetalis and Its Counterfeits

目的：研究王不留行及其伪品芸苔子、野豌豆的性状、显微鉴别特征，为鉴别王不留行、芸苔子和野豌豆提供依据。方法：通过光学显微镜和体视显微镜结合数码成像技术探究王不留行和它的伪品芸苔子、野豌豆的干燥成熟种子的性状和显微特征。结果：王不留行粉末淡褐色，内含表皮细胞、内表皮细胞、胚乳细胞和淀粉粒；芸苔子粉末黄棕色，内含表皮细胞、内表皮细胞、糊粉粒和油室；野豌豆粉末黄白色，种皮表细胞红棕色或黄棕色，内含淀粉粒、糊粉粒、木薄壁细胞、方晶等，少量非腺毛和橙皮甙结晶，导管多见。结论：本研究提供了科学、真实的王不留行和它的伪品芸苔子、野豌豆间的异同图像，明确了三者间的区别点，可为鉴别王不留行和它的伪品芸苔子、野豌豆及其品种的临床准确应用提供参考依据。
Objective: To study the traits and microscopic identification characteristics of Vaccaria segetalis and its counterfeits Brassica campestris and Vicia villosa, and to provide a basis for the identification of Vaccaria segetalis, Brassica campestris and Vicia villosa. Methods: The dry and mature seeds of Vaccaria segetalis and its counterfeit Brassica campestris and Vicia villosa were studied by light and stereomicroscope combined with digital imaging technology. Results: Vaccaria segetalis powder was light brown, containing epidermal cells, endoepidermal cells, albuminous cells and starch grain. Brassica campestris seed powder was yellow-brown, containing epidermic cells, endoepidermal cells, grease chamber and aleurone. The powder of Vicia villosa was yellow-white, the seed coat surface cells were reddish-brown or yellow-brown, and contained starch grain, aleurone, wood parenchyma cells, prismatic crystal, etc., a small amount of non-glandular hair and hesperidin crystal, and catheter were common. Conclusion: This study provided a scientific and real picture of the similarities and differences between the real and the fake Brassica campestris and Vicia villosa, and clarified the differences among the three, which could provide a reference for the identification of Vaccaria segetalis and the fake Brassica campestris and Vicia villosa and their varieties.