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心理特权对利他惩罚的影响
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Abstract:
在亲社会行为的研究领域中，利他行为是当前的研究热点之一。利他行为是一种以给他人带来利益为目的，以付出自身成本为手段的亲社会行为。利他惩罚是利他行为中的一种。在实际生活中，心理特权高的个体往往无法很好地适应社会，自私行为较多，亲社会行为较少。心理特权是一种普遍存在的、稳定的主观信念或知觉，指个体感到有权利获得优待以及被豁免社会责任。本篇文章对以往有关利他惩罚和心理特权的部分研究进行了简要梳理和总结，主要对第三方惩罚的理论解释、相关范式以及心理特权的测量方法、相关研究和理论模型进行了分析，从而为进一步研究心理特权与利他惩罚间的关系提供参考。
In the classification of prosocial behavior, altruistic behavior is one of the current research focuses. Altruistic behavior is a kind of prosocial behavior with the purpose of bringing benefits to others and paying its own cost as a means. Altruistic punishment is a kind of altruistic behavior. In real life, individuals with high psychological entitlement often cannot adapt to society well, with more selfish behaviors and less prosocial behaviors. Psychological entitlement is a stable and widespread belief individuals feel that they deserve favorable treatment and should be exempted from social responsibility. This article briefly combed and summarized some previous studies on altruistic punishment and psychological entitlement, and mainly analyzed the theoretical explanation and relevant paradigms of third-party punishment, as well as the measurement methods, relevant research and theoretical model of psychological entitlement, so as to provide reference for further study on the relationship between psychological entitlement and altruistic punishment.
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