大学生无偿献血者特征及其献血动机调查分析——以浙江省为例
Investigation and Analysis of the Characteristics of University Students’ Unpaid Blood Donors and Their Motivation to Donate Blood—Taking Zhejiang Province as an Example

目的：调查分析浙江省内参与过无偿献血的大学生的特征及其献血动机。方法：采用方便采样的方法对浙江省内大学生无偿献血者进行问卷调查，并从性别、年龄、文化程度、户籍类型、专业、政治面貌、家人朋友输血情况、接受无偿献血宣传情况及其参与无偿献血动机因素进行统计分析。结果：本次调查共回收有效问卷211例，其中男138例，女73例；医学类78例，非医学类133例。所有献血动机中，免费血液检查占68.7%；获得他人赞扬占73.5%；本人及家属免费用血占64.5%；使纪念日更有意义占73.9%；结识新友占53.1%；促进身体健康占59.7%。结论：规划促使大学生参与无偿献血活动策略应从迎合献血大学生心理需求、优化献血激励政策和献血环境、加强无偿献血宣传等方面进一步改善献血服务，以促进大学生潜在献血者将献血动机转变为献血行动。
Objective: To investigate and analyse the characteristics of college students who have participated in uncompensated blood donation and their motivation for blood donation in Zhejiang Province. Methods: A questionnaire survey of college students who have donated blood without compensation in Zhejiang Province was conducted using a convenient sampling method and statistically analysed in terms of gender, age, education level, type of household registration, major, political profile, blood transfusion of family members and friends, acceptance of publicity on blood donation and their motivational factors for participating in blood donation. Results: A total of 211 valid questionnaires were recovered from this survey, including 138 men and 73 women; 78 medical and 133 non-medical cases. Among all the motives for blood donation, free blood examination accounted for 68.7%; getting praise from others accounted for 73.5%; using free blood for oneself and one’s family accounted for 64.5%; making the anniversary more meaningful accounted for 73.9%; making new friends accounted for 53.1%; and promoting physical health accounted for 59.7%. Conclusion: The planning strategy for prompting university students to participate in blood donation activities should be to further improve blood donation services by catering to the psychological needs of university students who donate blood, optimising the incentive policy and environment for blood donation, and strengthening the publicity of blood donation, so as to promote potential university students to change their motivation for donating blood into blood donation actions.