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维生素D与结直肠癌的相关性及作用机制
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Abstract:
维生素D传统上被认为对体内钙和磷平衡有影响，但最近的证据强调了它对结直肠癌(Colorectal Cancer, CRC)的保护作用。本文综述了维生素D在预防结直肠癌中的作用，并探讨了维生素D对结直肠癌的影响机制。我们从PubMed和Web of Science中检索了维生素D在结直肠癌预防和治疗中的作用和机制。维生素D在结直肠癌的防治中发挥着越来越重要的作用，然而，维生素D适当剂量的选择是其在预防结直肠癌作用中有争议的部分。1α,25-二羟基维生素D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]通过多种信号通路发挥抗CRC作用，包括抑制增殖、诱导分化和凋亡、抑制转移和血管生成。此外，在肿瘤微环境(Tumor Microenvironment, TME)中，维生素D可以作用于CRC相关的间质成纤维细胞和CRC干细胞，发挥抗肿瘤作用。它还可以通过调节肠道微生物群，促进肿瘤抑制。维生素D对CRC的有效预防作用可以指导维生素D的合理使用，并为未来临床试验的合理设计和潜在机制的研究提供信息。
While vitamin D is traditionally acknowledged of effects on homeostasis and phosphorus, recent evidence has highlighted its protective effect against colorectal cancer (CRC). The review investigates vitamin D function in CRC preventing and discusses mechanisms by which it affects CRC. Vitamin D role and mechanism in CRC prevention and therapy were searched from PubMed and Web of Science. Vitamin D plays an increasingly significant role in CRC prevention and treatment. However, its controversial role in CRC prevention depends, in part, on the selection of appropriate doses. 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] exhibits anti-CRC effects through various signalling pathways, involving suppressing proliferation, inducting differentiation and apoptosis, and inhibiting metastasis and angiogenesis. Moreover, within the tumour microenvironment (TME), vitamin D can act on CRC-associated stromal fibroblasts and CRC stem cells to exert antitumour effects. It may also regulate the gut microbiota to promote tumour repression. Vitamin D has beneficial preventive effects against colorectal cancer. These findings can guide vitamin D using appropriately and inform rational design of future clinical trials and research on the underlying mechanisms.
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