肝移植术前患者衰弱现状及影响因素分析
Analysis of Frailty Status and Influencing Factors in Patients before Liver Transplantation

目的：探讨肝移植术前患者衰弱现状及分析影响因素。方法：采用便利抽样法，选择在2021年10月至2023年1月期间青岛市某三甲医院肝移植术前患者作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、肝衰弱指数(LFI)、国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)、微型营养评定量表简表(MNA-SF)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)调查肝移植术前患者衰弱现状，采用多分类Logistic回归分析衰弱的影响因素。结果：201例肝移植术前患者中，发生衰弱120例，发生率59.7%；无衰弱81例，占比40.3%。单因素分析显示，年龄、多病共存、多重用药、呼吸系统疾病、糖尿病、营养状况、躯体活动、焦虑、抑郁、MELD评分、Child分级差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：肝移植术前患者衰弱与年龄 > 60岁、Child分级C级、有营养不良、低等躯体活动、有抑郁症状等因素相关，临床积极应对，预防衰弱。
Objective: To explore the frailty status and influencing factors in patients before liver transplantation. Methods: A total of 201 patients before liver transplantation from October 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the research objects by convenient sampling method. The General Information Questionnaire, Liver Frailty Index, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Short-Form Mini-Nutritional Assessment, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales were used to investigate the frailty. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of frailty. Results: Among 201 patients, 120 cases had frailty, with an incidence of 59.7%; there were 81 cases without frailty, accounting for 40.3%. Single factor analysis showed that age, multiple diseases, multidrug, respiratory diseases, diabetes, nutritional status, physical activity, anxiety, depression, MELD score, child grading were the influencing factors of frailty (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Frailty in patients before liver transplantation is related to factors such as age > 60 years old, the Child is graded C, malnutrition, lower physical activity, depression, clinical countermeasures should be developed to actively prevent.