重大疾病可撤销婚姻的认定分析
Analysis on the Identification of Revocable Marriage Due to Serious Illness

《民法典·婚姻家庭编》将隐瞒重大疾病视为可撤销婚姻的情形，但由于缺乏对“重大疾病”一词的性质、特征等的详细定义，导致在认定“重大疾病”方面存在相当大的争议，致使重大疾病可撤销婚姻这一条款适用困难。学说中最符合契合立法精神的是真实意愿说，即应该尊重非患病一方在重大疾病认定上的真实意愿。重大疾病的认定主观上以是否当事人主观意愿为主，其中，主观意愿分为事先约定与事先没有约定两种情况进行讨论；客观上以是否会伤害家庭成员的身心健康或者是否影响家庭功能的正常实现为标准。
Civil Code Marriage and Family considers concealment of major illness as a situation that can void a marriage. However, due to the lack of detailed definition of the nature and characteristics of the term “critical illness”, there is considerable difficulty in identifying “critical illness”. The dispute makes it difficult to apply the clause that marriage can be revoked due to serious illness. Among the theories that are most consistent with the spirit of legislation is the theory of true will, that is, the true wishes of the non-ill party should be respected in identifying major diseases. The identification of major diseases is subjectively based on the subjective will of the parties. Among them, the subjective will is divided into two situations: prior agreement and no prior agreement. Objectively, the standard is based on whether it will harm the physical and mental health of family members or affect the normal functioning of the family.