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乳腺癌PD-1/PD-L1表达及其与超声特征关系的研究进展
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Abstract:
乳腺癌已成为威胁女性健康的主要癌症，近年来，新兴免疫治疗已成为乳腺癌继手术和放化疗后一种新的治疗手段，其中，PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂是免疫治疗的一大研究热点。PD-1与PD-L1结合可以抑制淋巴细胞的功能，减少细胞因子的释放，还可以促进淋巴细胞的凋亡。因此，阻断PD-1/PD-L1这一信号通路可为乳腺癌患者提供新的免疫治疗靶点。而超声及超声造影作为乳腺癌的主要筛查手段在乳腺癌的诊断及免疫治疗中发挥着重要的作用。本文对不同分子亚型乳腺癌PD-1/PD-L1的表达情况及其与超声及超声造影特征进行综述，为乳腺癌的诊断以及PD-1/PD-L1作为靶向药物治疗提供更加准确的影像学依据。
Breast cancer has become a major cancer threatening women’s health. In recent years, emerging immunotherapy has become a new treatment for breast cancer after surgery and radiotherapy and chemotherapy, among which PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are a research hotspot. The combination of PD-1 and PD-L1 can inhibit the function of lymphocytes, reduce the release of cytokines, and pro-mote the apoptosis of lymphocytes. Therefore, blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 this signaling pathway can provide new immunotherapy targets for breast cancer patients. Ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, as the main screening methods for breast cancer, play an important role in the diagno-sis and immunotherapy of breast cancer. This article reviews the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 in dif-ferent molecular subtypes of breast cancer and its characteristics with ultrasound and con-trast-enhanced ultrasound, so as to provide more accurate imaging basis for the diagnosis of breast cancer and PD-1/PD-L1 as targeted drug therapy.
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