观点与特征：弗洛姆规范人本主义哲学分析
Viewpoints and Characteristics: An Analysis of Fromm’s Normative Humanistic Philosophy

弗洛姆是现代西方人本主义哲学家，他以人本立场动态地展开了对人性问题的研究。弗洛姆试图克服先前哲学家关于人性研究方法的理论矛盾，通过综合弗洛伊德主义的精神分析学说与马克思主义的社会批判学说，将“人”作为生物性与社会性的双重存在，构建起“社会生物学”的人性论研究方法。弗洛姆规范人本主义哲学理论的鲜明特征体现在三个方面：运用生物学与社会学相统一的学科视角进行人性问题研究；提出对性格结构问题的独创性见解；以人道主义为立场展开对现代资本主义社会的道德批判。弗洛姆的人性理论是对三大人性论基本问题的系统性回答，并提出以“道德更新”为主导的社会变革方案。
Fromm is a modern Western humanistic philosopher who has dynamically conducted research on human nature issues from a humanistic perspective. Fromm attempted to overcome the theoretical contradiction of previous philosophers’ research methods on human nature, and by integrating Freudian psychoanalytic theory and Marxist social criticism theory, he regarded “human” as a dual existence of biological and social nature, constructing a research method of “social biology” on hu-man nature. The distinctive characteristics of Fromm’s normative humanistic philosophical theory are reflected in three aspects: using the unified disciplinary perspective of biology and sociology to study human nature issues; providing original insights into personality structure issues; and launching a moral critique of modern capitalist society from a humanitarian perspective. Fromm’s theory of human nature is a systematic answer to the three fundamental questions of human nature and proposes a social transformation plan led by “moral renewal”.