词典中“操作”的词类标注问题——一项基于语料库的个案研究
The Problem of Part-of-Speech Labeling for “Cao Zuo” in Dictionaries—A Case Study Based on Corpus

词类标注是词典的一项重要任务，词类标注的准确性直接影响词典的编纂质量。典型名词和典型动词的标注较容易进行，但对于兼类词的标注争议较大，兼类词的词类标注一直是词典编纂的难点。本研究以语料库作为研究工具，选取词类识别有争议的“操作”一词进行个案研究，考察现有词典对“操作”一词的释义情况，初步判断其词类。同时结合语料库中“操作”一词的使用模式，通过搭配和类联接等方法进一步确定“操作”一词的词性处理，试图对“操作”一词进行准确的词类标注。研究发现“操作”在现代汉语中应同时属于名词、动词，词典应将其处理为名动兼类词。
Part-of-speech labeling is an important task in dictionaries, and the accuracy of part-of-speech la-beling directly affects the quality of dictionary compilation. The labeling of typical nouns and verbs is relatively easy, but there is a significant controversy over the labeling of concurrent words. The labeling of concurrent words has always been a difficulty in dictionary compilation. This study uses a corpus as a research tool and selects the controversial word “Cao Zuo” for word class recognition as a case study. It examines the interpretation of the word “Cao Zuo” in existing dictionaries and pre-liminarily determines its word class. At the same time, combining the usage patterns of the word “Cao Zuo” in the corpus, further determining the part-of-speech processing of the word “Cao Zuo” through methods such as collocation and class connections, attempting to accurately label the part of speech of the word “Cao Zuo”. Research has found that “Cao Zuo” should belong to both nouns and verbs in Chinese, and dictionaries should treat it as a noun-verb hybrid word.