“结构–能动”视域下医疗保险对少数民族流动人口融入城市影响因素研究
Research on the Influencing Factors of Medical Insurance on the Integration of Ethnic Minority Migrant Population into Cities from the Perspective of “Structure-Agency”

少数民族流动人口融入城市既可以获得个人的发展和提高，也有利于城市建设，促进民族间交往交流交融。医疗保险制度可以有效降低人们的健康风险，使少数民族流动人口在城市更加安心地生活和工作。本文基于2017年全国流动人口动态监测数据，构建了城市融入水平评价指标体系，并从结构、能动维度控制变量研究医疗保险对少数民族流动人口城市融入的影响。结果显示：一是少数民族流动人口城市融入水平整体较低。二是参加医疗保险会负向影响其城市融入，参加“城职保”会正向影响其城市融入，参加“城居保”则会负向影响其城市融入，保障水平越高越有利于城市融入。三是个体特征、结构特征、能动特征均在不同程度上对少数民族流动人口的城市融入水平有显著影响。基于此本文从结构优化、能动驱动、“结构–能动”协同促进等方面提出优化路径，为促进少数民族流动人口融入城市提供参考。
The integration of ethnic minority floating population into cities can not only achieve personal development and improvement, but also benefit urban construction and promote inter-ethnic exchanges, exchanges and blending. The health insurance system can effectively reduce people’s health risks and enable ethnic minority migrants to live and work in cities with greater peace of mind. Based on the dynamic monitoring data of the national migrant population in 2017, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for urban integration level, and studies the impact of medical insurance on the urban integration of ethnic minority migrant population from the structural and dynamic dimension control variables. The results show that: First, the overall level of urban integration of ethnic minority migrants is low. Second, participating in medical insurance will negatively affect its urban integration, participating in “urban occupational insurance” will positively affect its urban integration, and participating in “urban housing insurance” will negatively affect its urban integration, and the higher the level of protection, the more conducive to urban integration. Third, individual characteristics, structural characteristics, and dynamic characteristics all have significant impacts on the urban integration level of ethnic minority floating population to varying degrees. Based on this, this paper proposes an optimization path from the aspects of structural optimization, active drive, and “structure-agency” synergy, so as to provide reference for promoting the integration of ethnic minority migrants into cities.