基于大连高校学生的问卷数据分析“考研与就业”关系的原因探究
Analysis of the Reasons for the Relationship between “Postgraduate Entrance Examination and Employment” Based on the Questionnaire Data of College Students in Dalian

近年来，随着时代发展和社会变化，大学生逐渐从“天之骄子”的地位退下，取而代之的是愈发严峻的大学生就业形势。受疫情影响，大学生的毕业后意向发生了很大的改变，“考研大军”现象愈演愈烈，尤其在2022年，考研人数达到了475万人。本研究通过问卷调查法与访谈法，分析“考研大军”背后的深刻原因。经过回归分析得到，“研究生就业待遇更好”与“迎合社会需求”是造成“考研”的两个重要原因。特别地，“研究生就业待遇更好”与当前环境改变密切相关。最后，本研究在分析原因基础上提出四点建议：1) 政府加快就业形势改革，培育良好就业环境；2) 高校注重引导学生选择适合自己的人生之路；3) 大学生自我认知清晰，拒绝盲从，人云亦云；4) 社会舆论发挥作用，呼吁大学生灵活多样化就业。
In recent years, with the development of the times and social changes, college students have gradually retired from the status of “the proud son of heaven” and replaced by an increasingly severe employment situation of college students. Affected by the epidemic, college students’ intentions after graduation have changed greatly, and the phenomenon of the “army of postgraduate entrance examinations” has intensified, especially in 2022, the number of postgraduate examinations has reached 4.75 million. This study analyzes the profound reasons behind the “army of postgraduate examinations” through questionnaire survey and interview methods. After regression analysis, “better employment treatment of graduate students” and “catering to social needs” are two important reasons for the “postgraduate entrance examination”. In particular, “better employment treatment for graduate students” is closely related to the current environmental change. Finally, this study puts forward four suggestions based on the analysis of the reasons: 1) The government accelerates the reform of the employment situation and cultivates a good employment environment; 2) Colleges and universities pay attention to guiding students to choose suitable positions; 3) College students have a clear self-awareness, refuse to blindly obey, and follow the clouds; 4) Public opinion plays a role, calling for flexible and diversified employment of college students.