The objective of this study is the phytochemical analysis and the
determination of the antibacterial activity of aqueous and hydro-ethanolic
extracts obtained from the leaves and bark of the trunk of Albiziazygia, against Escherichiacoli and Salmonellatyphi bacteria in aquatic
microcosms. Phytochemical screening was performed as described by Pareck. The
results obtained show that the hydro-ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Albiziazygia trunk bark recorded
higher extraction yields (26.71% and 33.2% respectively) compared to the
aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of leaves of the same plant. Secondary metabolites with antibacterial activities
such as anthraquinones, anthocyanins, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins
and saponins were found in both types of extracts. Flavonoids and anthocyanins
were relatively more abundant than the other chemical constituents. The highest
cellular inhibition rate of Escherichiacoli was 99.88%, obtained after 9 hours of exposure in the
hydro-ethanolic extract solution of trunk bark at the concentration 1.5 g/L.
The Salmonellatyphirate
was 99.95% after 9 hours of exposure of bacterial cells to the hydro-ethanol
extract of the bark of the trunk at the concentration 1.5 g/L. This rate increased
proportionally with the bacterial-extract contact time. The temperature of the
medium did not significantly influence bacterial inhibition (P > 0.05). The obtained results
justify the use of the plant Albiziazygia in the reduction of the flow of
bacterio-pollutants contained in water intended for consumption.
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