论马克思对蒲鲁东构成价值理论的批判——基于《哲学的贫困》
On Marx’s Critique of Proudhon’s Theory of Constitutive Values—Based on “The Poverty of Philosophy”

蒲鲁东早期对物质利益的关注和对所有权的批判对马克思具有一定的启示作用，但随着马克思历史唯物主义立场的逐步确立，二人之间的分歧逐步加剧，最终彻底决裂。通过还原蒲鲁东构成价值的理论原貌，重现马克思对蒲鲁东相关理论的批判，梳理《哲学的贫困》中马克思历史唯物主义的相关观点，我们发现，马克思不仅揭露了蒲鲁东小资产阶级社会主义的本质属性，而且初步阐述了价值形式问题，厘清了观念与现实的关系，肯定现实的人在社会历史发展过程中的主体地位。在一定程度上推动马克思主义理论体系的完善与发展。
Prouton’s early attention to material interests and criticism of ownership had a certain enlightenment to Marx, but with the gradual establishment of Marx’s historical materialism standpoint, the disagreement between the two gradually intensified, and finally completely broke up. By restoring the original appearance of Prouton’s theory of value composition, reconstructing Marx’s criticism of Prouton’s relevant theories, and sorting out Marx’s views on historical materialism in “The Poverty of Philosophy”, we find that Marx not only reveals the essential attributes of Prouton’s petty bourgeoisie socialism, but also preliminarily expounds the problem of value form and clarifies the relationship between concept and reality, affirming the main position of realistic people in the process of social and historical development. To a certain extent, it promotes the perfection and development of Marxist theoretical system.