网络爬虫行为刑法规制问题研究
Research on the Criminal Regulation of Internet Crawler Behavior

网络爬虫行为，是行为主体使用网络爬虫技术进行数据搜集、整理的行为。网络爬虫行为存在善恶之分。网络爬虫行为是否入刑，关键在于数据所有者、控制者是否授权，若获得授权则无需遭受法律非难，反之则应纳入法律评价范围，具体从行为不法和对象不法两方面进行展开。行为不法层面，违背Robots协议承担相应民事责任、恶意爬虫行为受到刑法约束；对象不法层面，根据数据性质决定行为主体是否承担责任，爬取公开的普通数据无需承担任何责任、爬取保护的数据需承担相应民事、刑事责任。网络爬虫行为关涉罪名主要为：侵犯公民个人信息罪、侵犯著作权罪、非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪以及破坏计算机信息系统罪。
Web crawler behavior is the behavior of the subject using web crawler technology for data collection and collation. There are good and evil in web crawler behavior. Whether the behavior of network crawler is criminalized depends on whether the data owner and controller are authorized. If authorized, it does not need to suffer legal reproach. Otherwise, it should be included in the scope of legal evaluation, which is carried out from two aspects: illegal behavior and illegal object. At the level of illegal behavior, violating the robots agreement to bear the corresponding civil liability, malicious crawler behavior is subject to criminal law; at the illegal level of the object, according to the nature of the data, it is determined whether the subject of the behavior is responsible. There is no need to bear any responsibility for crawling the public ordinary data, and the data to be protected should bear the corresponding civil and criminal responsibility. The crimes involved in the network crawler behavior are mainly: the crime of infringing citizens’ personal information, the crime of infringing copyright, the crime of illegally obtaining computer information system data and the crime of destroying computer information system.