|
|
创业者创造力对自身领导力涌现的影响研究
|
Abstract:
为探究创业者创造力能否转化为领导力和转化机制，本文基于内隐领导理论，构建了以员工感知到的内隐领导原型匹配为中介和以创业实施意向为调节的理论模型。对81名领导和251名员工进行配对的问卷调查并实证分析，研究结果表明：创业者创造力正向影响其自身的领导力涌现，其中员工所感知到的内隐领导原型匹配起到了中介作用；此外，创业实施意向与创业者创造力的交互作用通过内隐领导原型匹配影响创业者的领导力涌现。本文的研究结论拓宽了创业者创造力影响其领导力涌现的中介机制及边界条件，同时扩展了有关创业实施意向的研究。
In order to explore whether the creativity of entrepreneurs can be transformed into leadership and concrete transformation mechanism, based on implicit leadership theory, this paper constructs a theoretical model which is mediated by employees’ perceived implicit leadership prototype matching and moderated by entrepreneurial implementation intention. Through the questionnaire survey and empirical analysis of 81 leaders and 251 employees, the results show that the creativity of entrepreneurs has a positive impact on the emergence of their own leadership, and the implicit leadership prototype matching perceived by employees plays an intermediary role, in addition; the interaction between entrepreneurial implementation intention and the creativity of entrepreneurs influences the emergence of entrepreneurial leadership through implicit leadership prototype matching. The conclusion of this paper broadens the mediating mechanism and boundary condition of the impact of the creativity of entrepreneurs on the emergence of entrepreneurial leadership, and expands the research on entrepreneurial implementation intention.
| [1] | 郑晓明, 刘琛琳. 共情领导力——数字化时代智能组织管理的新挑战[J]. 清华管理评论, 2020(6): 12-19. |
| [2] | 邱国栋, 王涛. 重新审视德鲁克的目标管理——一个后现代视角[J]. 学术月刊, 2013, 45(10): 20-28. |
| [3] | Hanna, A.A., Smith, T.A., Kirkman, B.L. and Griffin, R.W. (2021) The Emergence of Emergent Leadership: A Comprehensive Framework and Directions for Future Research. Journal of Management, 47, 76-104.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206320965683 |
| [4] | Paunonen, S.V., L？nnqvist, J.E., Verkasalo, M., et al. (2006) Narcissism and Emergent Leadership in Military Cadets. The Leadership Quarterly, 17, 475-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.06.003 |
| [5] | Kenney, R.A., Schwartz-Kenney, B.M. and Blascovich, J. (1996) Implicit Leadership Theories: Defining Leaders Described as Worthy of Influence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 1128-1143.
https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672962211004 |
| [6] | Lord, R.G. and Maher, K.J. (1991) Leadership and Information Processing: Linking Perceptions and Performance. Unwin Hyman, Cambridge. |
| [7] | 蒿坡, 陈琇霖, 龙立荣. 领导力涌现研究综述与未来展望[J]. 外国经济与管理, 2017, 39(9): 47-58. |
| [8] | Offermann, L.R., Kennedy, J.K. and Wirtz, P.W. (1994) Implicit Leadership Theories: Content, Structure, and Generalizability. The Leadership Quarterly, 5, 43-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(94)90005-1 |
| [9] | Martijn, C., Alberts, H., Sheeran, P., Peters, G.-J.Y., Mikola-jczak, J. and De Vries, N.K. (2008) Blocked Goals, Persistent Action: Implementation Intentions Engender Tenacious Goal Striving. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 1137-1143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2008.01.005 |
| [10] | 黄勇, 崔敏, 颜卉. 见贤思齐: 领导创造力对员工创造力的跨层次影响机制[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理, 2021, 42(4): 158-174. |
| [11] | 傅颖, 斯晓夫, 陈卉. 基于中国情境的社会创业: 前沿理论与问题思考[J]. 外国经济与管理, 2017, 39(3): 40-50. |
| [12] | 厉杰, 吕辰, 于晓宇. 社会创业合法性形成机制研究述评[J]. 研究与发展管理, 2018, 30(2): 148-158. |
| [13] | Cogliser, C.C., Gardner, W.L., Gavin, M.B. and Broberg, J.C. (2012) Big Five Personality Factors and Leader Emergence in Virtual Teams: Relationships with Team Trustworthiness, Member Performance Contributions, and Team Performance. Group & Organization Management, 37, 752-784. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601112464266 |
| [14] | Zhang, Z., Waldman, D.A. and Wang, Z. (2012) A Multilevel Investigation of Leader-Member Exchange, Informal Leader Emergence, and Individual and Team Perfor-mance. Personnel Psychology, 65, 49-78.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01238.x |
| [15] | Judge, T.A., Bono, J.E., Ilies, R. and Gerhardt, M.W. (2002) Personality and Leadership: A Qualitative and Quantitative Review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 765-780. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.765 |
| [16] | Judge, T.A., LePine, J.A. and Rich, B.L. (2006) Loving Yourself Abundantly: Relationship of the Narcissistic Personality to Self- and Other Perceptions of Workplace Deviance, Leader-ship, and Task and Contextual Performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 762-776. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.4.762 |
| [17] | Kalish, Y. and Luria, G. (2016) Leadership Emergence over Time in Short-Lived Groups: Integrating Expectations States Theory with Temporal Person-Perception and Self-Serving Bias. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101, 1474-1486.
https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000126 |
| [18] | 卢会志, 孙时进. 内隐领导理论启动效应的实验研究[J]. 心理学探新, 2010, 30(5): 40-44. |
| [19] | Greenwald, A.G. and Banaji, M.R. (1995) Implicit Social Cognition: Attitudes, Self-Esteem, and Stereotypes. Psychological Review, 102, 4-27. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.102.1.4 |
| [20] | Shondrick, S.J. and Lord, R.G. (2010) Implicit Leadership and Followership Theories: Dynamic Structures for Leadership Perceptions, Memory, Leader-Follower Processes. In: Hodgkinson, G.P. and Ford, J.K., Eds., International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 2010, Vol. 25, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 1-33.
https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470661628.ch1 |
| [21] | Epitropaki, O., Sy, T., Martin, R., Tram-Quon, S. and Topakas, A. (2013) Implicit Leadership and Followership Theories “In the Wild”: Taking Stock of Information-Processing Ap-proaches to Leadership and Followership in Organizational Settings. The Leadership Quarterly, 24, 858-881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2013.10.005 |
| [22] | DeRue, D.S. and Ashford, S.J. (2010) Who Will Lead and Who Will Follow? A Social Process of Leadership Identity Construction in Organizations. Academy of Management Review, 35, 627-647.
https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2010.53503267 |
| [23] | Shamir, B. (2007) From Passive Recipients to Active Co-Producers: The Roles of Followers in the Leadership Process. In: Pillai, R., Bligh, M. and Uhl-Bien, M., Eds., Fol-lower-Centered Perspectives on Leadership: A Tribute to JR Meindl, Information Age Publishing, Charlotte. |
| [24] | 彭坚, 王震. 做上司的“意中人”: 负担还是赋能? 追随原型-特质匹配的双刃剑效应[J]. 心理学报, 2018, 50(2): 216-225. |
| [25] | 孔茗, 袁悦, 钱小军. “看好”与“做好”: 内隐原型交互对员工行为的影响[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理, 2019, 40(1): 165-180. |
| [26] | Paunova, M. (2015) The Emergence of Individual and Collective Leadership in Task Groups: A Matter of Achievement and Ascription. The Leadership Quarterly, 26, 935-957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.10.002 |
| [27] | Fayolle, A. and Li？án, F. (2014) The Future of Research on En-trepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Business Research, 67, 663-666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.11.024 |
| [28] | Ko, S. and Butler, J.E. (2007) Creativity: A Key Link to Entre-preneurial Behavior. Business Horizons, 50, 365-372.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2007.03.002 |
| [29] | Epitropaki, O. and Martin, R. (2004) Implicit Leadership Theo-ries in Applied Settings: Factor Structure, Generalizability, and Stability over Time. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 293-310. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.2.293 |
| [30] | Lanaj, K. and Hollenbeck, J.R. (2015) Leadership over-Emergence in Self-Managing Teams: The Role of Gender and Countervailing Biases. Academy of Management Journal, 58, 1476-1494. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2013.0303 |
| [31] | Chen, C.C., Greene, P.G. and Crick, A. (1998) Does Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Distinguish Entrepreneurs from Managers? Journal of Business Venturing, 13, 295-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00029-3 |
| [32] | Pham, D., Jones, P., Dobson, S., Li？án, F. and Vi-ala, C. (2021) Entrepreneurial Implementation Intention as a Tool to Moderate the Stability of Entrepreneurial Goal Inten-tion: A Sensemaking Approach. Journal of Business Research, 123, 97-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.09.051 |
