基于FY-3D MERSI-II的2019~2021海南岛城市热岛效应特征分析
Characteristic Analysis of Urban Heat Island Effect in Hainan Island from 2019 to 2021 Based on FY-3D MERSI-II

热岛效应是城市发展过程中的重要生态问题，自2018年海南省建立自由贸易试验区以来，经济快速发展，基于自贸港全岛一体化发展的基本原则以及海南省“生态建省”的基本理念，本文应用FY-3D MERSI-II数据，基于分裂窗反演算法进行地表温度反演，结合热岛强度指数与热岛比例指数分析2019~2021年海南岛全岛城市热岛效应变化特征。结果表明：2019年~2021年，全岛城市热岛效应面积比例变化不大，其中2019年为6.77%，2020年为5.11%，2021年为5.85%，总体热岛强度为“轻微”和“较轻”级别。强热岛区域主要分布在北部的海口，西部的昌江和东方，中部森林地区常年表现为冷岛，海口市区热岛效应常年存在。儋州、昌江、东方、乐东等西部沿海地区受地形及气温影响夏季和秋季热岛效应面积较大、强度较强。本研究对于海南省城市生态文明建设及城市发展规划具一定的参考意义。
The heat island effect is an important ecological issue in the process of urban development. Since the establishment of a free trade pilot zone in Hainan Province in 2018, the economy has developed rapidly. Based on the basic principle of integrated development of the whole island of a free trade port and the basic concept of “Construction Eco-province” in Hainan Province, this paper uses split window inversion algorithm to retrieve the surface temperature based on FY-3D MERSI-II data, combined with the heat island intensity index and the heat island proportion index, analyze the change characteristics of urban heat island effect in Hainan Island from 2019 to 2021. The results show that: from 2019 to 2021, the proportion of urban heat island effect area of the island has little change, including 6.77% in 2019, 5.11% in 2020, and 5.85% in 2021. The overall heat island intensity is “slight” and “light”. Strong heat island area is mainly distributed in Haikou in the north, Changjiang in the west and Dongfang. The forest area in the middle of the Hainan Island is cold island all the year round, and the heat island effect in Haikou City exists all the year round. Danzhou, Changjiang, Dongfang, Ledong and other western coastal areas are affected by topography and temperature. The heat island effect in summer and autumn is larger and stronger in those areas. This study has certain reference significance for the construction of urban ecological civilization and urban development planning in Hainan Province.