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孕期血红蛋白与早产的关联研究进展
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Abstract:
早产已经成为严重威胁母体和胎儿健康的公共卫生问题。它是全球婴儿最常见的死因，且早产儿患有脑性麻痹、发育迟缓、听力与视力障碍等相关并发症的风险更高，但是早产原因尚不明确。而血红蛋白是评价妊娠期母体营养状况最常见的指标之一，其异常不仅由遗传、饮食和地理等因素综合外，还受母体血容量和子宫扩增、宫内感染、免疫代谢以及妊娠并发症等早产发生风险因素的影响。因此明确血红蛋白对早产发生的影响有助于识别高危孕妇。已有研究发现贫血和高浓度血红蛋白合并妊娠均可能会影响早产发生。本文综述了孕期血红蛋白早产发生的关联，并进一步讨论该关联发生的可能机制，为未来的研究提供研究线索。
Preterm birth has become a public health problem that poses a serious threat to maternal and fetal health. It is the most common cause of in-fant death worldwide, and preterm infants are at higher risk for complications related to cerebral palsy, developmental delays, hearing and visual impairment, but the causes of preterm birth are unknown. Hemoglobin is one of the most common indicators of maternal nutritional status during pregnancy, and its abnormalities are influenced not only by a combination of genetic, dietary, and geographic factors, but also by maternal blood volume and risk factors for preterm birth such as uterine dilation, intrauterine infection, immunometabolism, and pregnancy complications. There-fore, clarifying the effect of hemoglobin on the risk of preterm labor can help be a possible way to identify high-risk pregnancies. Both anemia and high hemoglobin levels in combined pregnancies have been found to affect the occurrence of preterm labor. This article reviews the progress of re-search on the effect of hemoglobin in pregnancy on the occurrence of preterm labor and further discusses the possible mechanisms by which this effect occurs, providing a research direction for future studies.
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