Forest
and landscape restoration (FLR) practices have been reported to improve soil
organic carbon stocks (SOCs) and contributing to climate change mitigation.
This study aims to evaluate the impact of combined FLR practices, mainly
developed in semiarid regions, on SOCs. The SOCs, soil texture, bulk density (ρ), pH, CO2 emissions, and
herbaceous biomass were determined at a 0 - 30 cm depth. The experimental
design comprised degraded land without FLR practices and three sets of combined
FLR practices. These practices included “zaï” +
stone bunds + organic manure + assisted natural regeneration (ANR) used to
convert degraded land into forest (GF) and cropland (PARL); “zaï” +
stone bunds + crop rotation + crop/fallow successions + ANR used to convert
degraded land into cropland (OARL) and “zaï”+ stone bunds + organic manure used to convert
degraded land into cropland (KARL). SOCs were
highest (20.02 t C ha−1) under OARL compared with the other
combinations of FLR practices. SOCs increased by 99%
(+0.2 t C ha−1⋅yr−1), 58% (+0.3 t C ha−1⋅yr−1)
and 13% (+0.2 t C ha−1⋅yr−1) under GF, OARL and KARL,
respectively, and decreased by 15% (−0.1 t C ha−1⋅yr−1)
under PARL. This study provides additional information explaining SOC variation
in restored degraded land through the implementation of a combination of FLR
practices. This is useful for recommending the combination “zaï” +
stone bunds + crop rotation + crop/fallow successions + ANR to improve SOCs in
the
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