生态语言学视角下拉萨市机场语言景观研究
The Linguistic Landscape of Lhasa Airport from the Perspective of Ecolinguistics

本文使用混合研究方法，结合豪根的“生态语言学”理论和Grice的“合作原则”，构建了一个语言景观的分析框架，从语言本体和语言与周围环境两个方面对拉萨贡嘎机场的语言景观进行了深入的分析。量化研究发现：从语种数量来看：双语占比最高，其中“中文 + 藏文”出现次数高于“中文 + 英文”；三语形式出现次数次之，出现次数最少的是单语。从语码组合来看：主要以“汉字 + 藏文”组合为主，其次为“汉字 + 藏文 + 英语”组合，最后为“汉字 + 英文”组合。质性分析发现：语言本体大多符合合作原则理论。从语言景观和周围环境来看，拉萨市机场中标牌的语言选择与设计受多种因素影响，其中语言政策、经济因素、国际化进程、语言生态、以及受众群体是影响语言景观形成的主要原因。
This paper combined Huagen’s “ecolinguistic theory” with Grice’s “cooperative principle” to con-struct a new analytical framework for the linguistic landscape, and analyzed the linguistic land-scape of Lhasa Gonggar Airport from language ontology and its surroundings. The quantitative study shows that: from the perspective of the number of languages, bilingual accounts for the highest proportion, and the frequency of “Chinese + Tibetan” is higher than that of “Chinese + English”. Trilingual forms appear less frequently, while monolingual forms appear least frequently. In terms of code combination, “Chinese + Tibetan” is the main combination, followed by “Chinese + Tibetan + English”, and finally “Chinese + English”. Qualitative analysis shows that most language ontologies conform to the cooperative principle theory. From the perspective of linguistic landscape and its environment, the language selection and design of signs in Lhasa Airport are influenced by many factors, among which language policy, economic factors, internationalization process, language ecology, and target audience are the main reasons influencing the formation of the linguistic landscape.