南宋名儒程大昌的仕途与交游探赜
Explorating on Career and Intercourse of Cheng Dachang of Famous Confucian in the Southern Song Dynasty

程大昌是南宋官历三朝的经世名儒。他一生勤精政务，体察民情，为官四十余载，政绩丰硕，历官至权吏部尚书，曾出知泉州、建宁府，终以龙图阁直学士致仕，被时人誉为“士之指南，国之宝臣”。大昌仕途的流转历程丰富，官历地方与京城多次，可以划分为三个时期。期间，程大昌所交学友及官宦甚多，诸如周必大、洪迈、朱熹、周颉、杨大法、范成大、刘夔、陆游、杨万里等亦学亦官之士大夫。爬梳与厘清程氏仕途与交游情状，不仅是全面深入研究其思想及与时代关联的关键环节，也能够勾勒与彰显程氏是如何将儒家廉洁奉公、直言敢谏和责任担当精神切实贯彻到勤政务实的实践之中。
Cheng Dachang was a famous Confucian scholar of the Southern Song Dynasty who served three dynasties. He spent his life as a diligent government official and was aware of public sentiment. Dachang’s career is rich in history, with many official experiences in local and capital cities, which can be divided into three periods. During this period, Cheng Dachang made many friends with scholars and officials, such as Zhou Bida, Hong Mai, Zhu Xi, Zhou Jie, Yang Dafa, Fan Chengda, Liu Kui, Lu You, Yang Wanli and other scholars and officials. Sorting out and clarifying Cheng’s official career and friendship situation is not only a key link to comprehensively and deeply study his thoughts and the relationship with the times, but also a way to outline and highlight how Cheng implemented the Confucian spirit of integrity, outspoken courage and responsibility into the practice of diligence and pragmatism.