对应分析视角下的汉日翻译计量研究以汉语假定句与反事实句为中心
A Metrological Study of Chinese-Japanese Translation from the Perspective of Correspondence Analysis Centering on Chinese Hypothetical Sentences and Counterfactual Sentences

本文基于对应分析，从汉语小说中抽取1200例对译语料库，分析汉语中的可以同时标识假定和反事实的三种句式，对其后项出现的影响反事实与假定句意的副词进行分类，探究了汉语、日语翻译、日语后项时态三者间的共现关系，并最终得到汉语语义分类、汉语语法标识、后项出现副词、日语表达、日语后项时态5者之间的完成对应关系，形成链条式的翻译倾向。其结论为：在语法标识方面，B如果不類、C否定類相比于A如果更具有反事实倾向；在汉语副词层面，VI早、III該、V肯定、I無、II還、IV就、VIII才、VII便之间的反事实性越来越弱；在日语表现方面，反事实倾向多为タラ？バ？ナラ的ナイ形或者テイル？テイタ形的形式。假定句却倾向于使用タラ？バ？ナラ的一般形式；日语后项时态方面：反事实假定后项多为タ？テイル？テイタ形，或者没有后项的形式。假定的后项相对较统一为qル的形式。
Based on correspondence analysis, this paper draws a corpus of 1200 pairs from Chinese novels to analyze three sentence patterns in Chinese which can identify both hypothetical and counterfactual sentences at the same time. This paper classifies the adverbs that affect the meaning of counterfactual and hypothetical sentences, and finally probes into the co-occurrence of the expression of Chinese and Japanese and the temporal relationship between Chinese and Japanese. Finally, we get the corresponding relationship among Chinese semantic classification, Chinese grammatical logo, adverb after item, Japanese expression and Japanese post tense, forming a chain translation tendency. The conclusion is that: in terms of grammatical signs, B如果不類, C否定類 negation is more counterfactual than A如果; at the level of Chinese adverbs, the counter factuality between VI早, III該, V肯定, I無, II還, IV就, VIII才, VII便 is getting weaker and weaker; in Japanese, the counterfactual tendency is mostly in the form of anecdotes or tautology. However, the hypothetical sentence tends to use the general form of post-item tense in Japanese: the latter item of counterfactual assumption is mostly in the タラ？バ？ナラ form of the latter item, or there is no latterタ？テイル？テイタ form. The latter term of the assumption is relatively unified in the タ？テイル？テイタ form of qル.