挖掘装置四杆机构的优化设计
Optimized Design of the Four-Bar Mechanism of the Excavation Device

为了便于小地块栽花、植树方便，设计出一款仿穿山甲式半自动挖坑机，其挖掘动作由四杆机构执行，本文对此四杆机构进行优化设计。首先借助图谱法找到适合要求的运动轨迹，进而确定构件最初尺寸。应用ADAMS对挖掘装置进行建模，并对模型进行参数化设置和添加约束条件，对工作阶段四杆机构的连杆和挖具的速度及其加速度进行分析，得到其在运动过程中的各项力学指标。其次，使用MATLAB软件进行进一步的分析，以减重为目标对机构进行结构优化以获得最佳的构件尺寸。最后运用CREO软件对主要构件进行静力学分析以验证其强度。
In order to facilitate the planting of flowers and trees in small plots, a semi-automatic digging machine imitating pangolins is designed, and its excavation action is performed by a four-bar mechanism. This paper optimizes the design of this four-bar mechanism. Firstly, the trajectory of the suitable requirements is found by means of Atlas Method, and the initial dimensions of the components are determined. Adams is used to model the excavation device, parameterize the model and add constraints, analyze the speed and acceleration of the connecting rod and excavator of the four-bar mechanism in the working stage, and obtain various mechanical indexes in the movement process. Secondly, further analysis is carried out using MATLAB, and the structure of the mechanism is optimized with the goal of weight reduction to obtain the optimal component size. Finally, the main components are statically analyzed using CREO software to verify their strength.