国际经济援助能够缩小受援国的收入差距吗？
Can International Economic Assistance Narrow the Income Gap of Recipient Countries?

在“一带一路”倡议推进过程中，我国致力于同沿线国家携手追求合作共赢的乘数效应，建设命运共同体。但各国收入差距问题是实现建设“人类命运共同体”这一宏伟蓝图难以回避的问题。由于“一带一路”沿线国家大多处于经济欠发达阶段，国际经济援助在其发展中扮演着不可或缺的角色，本文以1998~2018年沿线各国的面板数据作为样本，实证分析了国际经济援助与受援国收入差距的关系。研究发现，国际经济援助与受援国收入差距呈“倒U型”的关系，此外国际经济援助效用的发挥高度受制于受援国的政策环境，并表现出较强的异质性。据此，文章建议援助国投资经济援助时需要着眼于长期效用，而受援国应重视本国相应制度环境的搭建。
In the one hand “one belt, one road” initiative, China is committed to working together with the countries along the track to pursue the win-win effect of multiplier and build a common destiny. However, the income gap among countries is an unavoidable problem in realizing the grand blueprint of building a “community with a shared future for mankind”. Because most countries along one belt, one road, are in the underdeveloped stage, international economic aid plays an indispensable role in their development. This paper takes the panel data of countries along the 1998~2018 years as samples to empirically analyze the relationship between international eco-nomic assistance and the income gap of recipient countries. It is found that the relationship be-tween international economic assistance and the income gap of recipient countries is “inverted U”. In addition, the effectiveness of international economic assistance is highly restricted by the policy environment of recipient countries and shows strong heterogeneity. Therefore, this paper suggests that donor countries should focus on long-term effectiveness when investing in economic assistance, and recipient countries should pay attention to the construction of their corresponding institutional environment.