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激光熔覆技术在船舶和舰艇关键零件修复中的理论研究和工程应用
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Abstract:
由于长年工作于河流和海洋环境，船舶和舰艇中大量的零件会腐蚀和磨损，特别是腐蚀，需要进行修复。激光熔覆修复技术相对传统的修复技术，具有许多突出的优点。本文分析和研究了激光熔覆单层、多层和梯度材料时的金相组织结构。对比研究了激光熔覆层与热喷焊层的金相组织，激光熔覆层组织致密，晶粒细小，具有明显的优势。在理论研究的基础上，将激光熔覆技术应用于船舶关键零件转舵叉的修复中，并取得成功。
A large number of parts in ships and naval vessels need to be repaired due to corrosion and wear. Compared with traditional repair technology, laser cladding repair technology has many outstanding advantages. In this paper, the microstructure of laser cladding single layer, multilayer and gradient materials is analyzed and studied. The laser cladding is compared with the arc surfacing and plasma arc surfacing. Laser cladding technology has obvious advantages in many aspects, such as repairing the appearance of the workpiece, the bonding zone between the overlay and the substrate, the size of the heat affected zone of the substrate, and the dilution of the overlay by the substrate. On the basis of theoretical research, laser cladding technology is successfully applied to the repair key parts of ships and naval vessels.
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