Personalized administration of contrast medium with high delivery rate in low tube voltage coronary computed tomography angiography

The application of lower tube voltage (i.e., 100 kVp) protocol in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) has been increasing over the past decade (1,2). It is mainly due to the benefit of radiation dose and total iodine dose (TID) reductions at lower tube voltage compared to the standard 120 kVp. Known as the “double low dose strategy”, it ensures safety as there will be less radiation exposure, in addition to reducing the risk of nephrotoxicity caused by the contrast medium (3,4)