The concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) was first developed in Denmark in 1997 by Dr. Kehlet (1). ERAS is designed to optimize perioperative management, improve patient prognosis, reduce complications, shorten hospital stay, and lower cost (2-5). In recent years, this multi-disciplinary and multi-modal perioperative rehabilitation concept has been widely applied in open and endoscopic procedures including colorectal surgery (6,7), gynecological surgery (8,9), liver surgery (10,11), breast surgery (12,13), urologic surgery (14,15), and spinal surgery (16-18)
