低阶煤提质技术现状及发展建议

为实现低阶煤的高效利用,分析了我国低阶煤的煤质特征,阐述了国内外低阶煤压缩成型、干燥脱水和低温热解3类提质加工技术的主要特点,综述了国内外具有代表性的低阶煤提质技术的发展现状,重点介绍了国内低阶煤干燥脱水和热解提质的主要示范项目,并对我国低阶煤的利用提出建议。低阶煤热解提质后产物具有水分低,发热量高,不易自燃,便于运输和储存等特点,提高了可靠性和利用率,是未来低阶煤提质利用的重要方向。低阶煤的提质加工应充分考察我国不同地区低阶煤的煤质特征,逐步发展工艺条件温和,过程简单,适合我国低阶煤不同组成及结构特点的机械热压脱水工艺,适合与电厂集成的褐煤固体热载体法干馏技术等,同时开发多联产技术。 In order to utilize low rank coal efficiently in China,the coal properties at home were analyzed.The drying and dewatering,briqueting and pyrolysis upgrading technologies for low rank coal treatment at home and abroad were compared.The characteristics and development situation of representative upgrading technologies were reviewed. The main demonstration projects of dewatering and pyrolysis at home were highlighted,meanwhile,some suggestions were put forward. The results showed that,after upgrading,the products had lower moisture and higher calorific value,which was easy to transport and store.The research also pointed out that,the development of upgrading technologies should consider fully the coal properties of different districts.With mild reaction conditions and simple process,the mechanical thermal dehydration process( MTE),solid heat carrier distillation process( DG) and poly-generation technologies should be developed