媒介环境学和媒体教育：反思全球化传播生态中的媒体素养
Media Ecology and Media Education: Re?ections on Media Literacy in a Globalized Communication Ecology

摘要 从媒介环境学的理论视角，本文反思了媒体教育，媒体素养和跨文化能力在世界 日益全球化的传播生态中的重要性。随着数字科技的快速发展，越来越多的人可以享 受到日新月异的网络技术和社交媒体带来的好处。但与此同时，他们也面临着许多新 的在社会、经济、政治、心理和文化方面的问题。媒体教育和媒体教育者可以和应该 在帮助社会大众解决其中一些相关问题方面能发挥什么作用？在这篇文章中, 笔者在媒 介环境学、媒体教育和媒体素养的历史理论框架下，重点探讨和思考相关问题, 其中分 析了麦克卢汉、卡尔金、福斯戴尔等媒介环境学关键人物，对北美媒体教育的贡献， 波斯曼的媒介环境、媒体教育恒温论观点，以及梅罗维兹的多种媒体素养概念等等。 这些问题涉及全球化背景下人类传播中的跨文化能力。
From the theoretical perspectives of media ecology, this paper critically reflects upon the importance of media education, media literacy, and intercultural competence in the world’s increasingly globalized communication ecology. With the rapid development of digital technology, more and more people can enjoy the benefits of ever-changing web-based technologies and social media. But at the same time, they are also faced with many new social, economic, political, psychological and cultural issues. What role can and should media education and media educators play in helping address some of these issues? In this article, the author discusses these issues within the intellectual and historical contexts of media ecology, media education, and media literacy. Included in the discussion are how the work of several key figures in media ecology such as McLuhan, Culkin, and Forsdale formed the foundation of some important aspects of media ecology in North America, Postman's thermostat view on media ecology and media education, as well as Meyrowitz’s concept of multiple media literacies. These issues are closely related to the notion of intercultural competence in the context of globalization