双轴晶体产生空心圆锥形光的研究
Research on the Mechanism and Control Method of Hollow Conical Light in Biaxial Crystal

根据锥面折射理论，如果使一束激光沿着双轴晶体的一个光轴传播，将会产生空心圆锥形光。空心圆锥形光的这种能量分布特点使得空心圆锥形光具有实心激光无法比拟的优点和应用前景，如空心圆锥形光可缩放的特性，使得它在原理上与实心光束逐点逐行扫描方式不同，具有扫描速度快、扫描范围广的优点，利用空心圆锥形光可以进行多目标探测、多目标跟踪，因此空心圆锥形光在印刷、扫描、复印、雷达、制导、通信、疾病诊断等工业、医疗与国防领域有广泛的应用。
The phenomenon of cone refraction was proposed by Hamilton in 1832 from the perspective of wave theory of light. He predicted that when the light wave propagates along an optical axis of a biaxial crystal, the transmitted light energy will be distributed on a conical surface. This was later confirmed experimentally by Lloyd. According to the cone refraction theory, if a laser beam propagates along one optical axis of biaxial crystal, it will produce hollow cone light. Different from the solid laser, the whole energy of the hollow conical light is distributed on the funnel-shaped conical surface. The energy distribution characteristics of the hollow conical light make the hollow conical light have advantages and application prospects that the solid laser can’t match. For example, the retractable characteristics of the hollow conical light make it different from the solid laser in principle in scanning point by point and line by line, with scanning. With the advantages of fast tracing speed and wide scanning range, hollow conical light can be used for multi-target detection and tracking. Therefore, hollow conical light has a wide range of applications in printing, scanning, copying, radar, guidance, communication, disease diagnosis and other industrial, medical and national defense fields.