The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of working fluid on conventional combined cycle integrated with pressurized solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for stationary utility power generation. The mathematical model of a natural gas fueled design configuration is developed in Matlab and Simulink and simulated with 14 working fluids. The effluent gases of SOFC undergo combustion in the combustion chamber and it is utilized in the gas turbine, steam turbine cycle and ORC. The model is compared with those found in literature and the parametric studies of temperature, flow rate, fuel utilization factor and exhaust gas on the system efficiency are examined. Results revealed that working fluids show a closely related behavior in efficiency at low pressure ratio and high flow fraction, fuel utilization, and temperature. R-123 was found to perform the best among 14 working fluids studied, yielding a system energy efficiency of 70% in the combined cycle integrated with SOFC and ORC.
References
[1]
U.S. Energy Information Administration (2017) U.S. Energy Facts Explained: Consumption and Production.
[2]
Amicabile, S., Testi, M. and Crema, L. (2017) Design and Modeling of a Hybrid Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Organic Rankine Cycle. Energy Procedia, 129, 331-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.09.202
[3]
Tuo, H. (2013) Energy and Exergy-Based Working Fluid Selection for Organic Rankine Cycle Recovering Waste Heat from High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems. International Journal of Energy Research, 37, 1831-1841. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3001
[4]
Wang, E., Zhang, H., Fan, B., Ouyang, M., Zhao, Y. and Mu, Q. (2011) Study of Working Fluid Selection of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for Engine Waste Heat Recovery. Energy, 36, 3406-3418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.03.041
[5]
De Escalona, M.J.M., Sánchez, D., Chacartegui, R. and Sánchez, T. (2011) Part-Load Analysis of Gas Turbine and ORC Combined Cycles. Applied Thermal Engineering, 36, 63-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.11.068
[6]
Pantaleo, A., Camporeale, S. and Fortunato, B. (2015) Small Scale Biomass CHP: Techno-Economic Performance of Steam Vs Gas Turbines with Bottoming ORC. Energy Procedia, 82, 825-832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.819
[7]
Akkaya, A.V. and Sahin, B. (2009) A Study on Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Organic Rankine Cycle Combined System. International Journal of Energy Research, 33, 553-564. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1490
[8]
Ugartemendia, J., Ostolaza, J.X. and Zubia, I. (2013) Operating Point Optimization of Hydrogen Fueled Hybrid Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Steam Turbine (SOFC-ST) Plant. Energies, 6, 5046-5068. https://doi.org/10.3390/en6105046
[9]
Choudhury, A., Chandra, H. and Arora, A. (2013) Application of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology for Power Generation—A Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 20, 430-442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.11.031
[10]
Hung, T.C. (2002) Triple Cycle: A Conceptual Arrangement of Multiple Cycle toward Optimal Energy Conversion. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 124, 429-436. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1423639
[11]
Eveloy, V., Karunkeyoon, W., Rodgers, P. and Alili, A. (2016) Energy, Exergy and Economic Analysis of an Integrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine-Organic Rankine Power Generation System. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 41, 13843-13858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.01.146
[12]
Ebrahimi, M. and Moradpoor, I. (2016) Combined Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Micro-Gas Turbine and Organic Rankine Cycle for Power Generation (SOFC-MGT-ORC). Energy Conversion and Management, 116, 120-133.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.02.080
[13]
Matthew, O. and Nieh, S. (2018) Modeling of Natural Gas Fueled Quadruple Cycle for Power Applications. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 43, 10004-10015.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.04.008
[14]
Papadopoulos, A., Stijepovic, M. and Linke, P. (2010) On the Systematic Design and Selection of Optimal Working Fluids for Organic Rankine Cycles. Applied Thermal Engineering, 30, 760-769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.12.006
[15]
Desai, N. and Bandyopadhyay, S. (2009) Process Integration of Organic Rankine Cycle. Energy, 34, 1674-1686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2009.04.037
[16]
Velez, F., Chejne, F. and Quijano, A. (2013) Thermodynamic Analysis of R134a in an Organic Rankine Cycle for Power Generation from Low Temperature Sources. Univerasidad Nacional de Colombia, 81, 153-159.
[17]
Chen, Y. (2011) Thermodynamic Cycles Using Carbon Dioxide as Working Fluid CO2—Transcritical Power Cycle Study. Doctoral Thesis, KTH School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Stockholm, Sweden.
[18]
Tchanche, B., Papadakis, G., Lambrinos, G. and Frangoudakis, A. (2009) Fluid Selection for a Low-Temperature Solar Organic Rankine Cycle. Applied Thermal Engineering, 29, 2468-2476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.12.025
[19]
Saleh, B., Koglbauer, G., Wendland, M. and Fischer, J. (2007) Working Fluids for Low-Temperature organic Rankine Cycles. Energy, 32, 1210-1221.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2006.07.001
[20]
Matthew, O., Nguyen, H. and Nieh, S. (2016) Analysis of Natural Gas SOFC-GT-ST-ORC Quadruple Cycle for Power Generation. Proceedings of the Power Sources Conference, Orlando, FL, 13-16 June 2016, 204-207.
[21]
Zhang, S., Liu, H., Liu, M., Sakaue, E., Li, N. and Zhao, Y. (2017) An Efficient Integration Strategy for a SOFC-GT-SORC Combined System with Performance Simulation and Parametric Optimization. Applied Thermal Engineering, 121, 314-324.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.04.066