陕西落叶灌木树种资源多样性研究
Diversity of Deciduous Shrub Species in Shaanxi Province

采用样线和样地调查相结合的方法，对陕西落叶灌木树种的种类组成、地理分布区类型和观赏特点等进行研究。结果表明，陕西地区落叶灌木树种共计59科160属545种，其中蔷薇科、忍冬科、豆科和虎耳草科为优势科，忍冬属、蔷薇属、绣线菊属和柳属为优势属；单子叶植物10种，双子叶植物535种。该区落叶灌木树种属有10个分布区类型，其中世界分布类型居首位，占46.25%。该区落叶灌木树种按观赏特点可分为5大类，观花类最多，占44.77%；其次为观果类和观冠类，分别占22.94%和16.70%；观叶类较少，占11.74%；观干类最少，仅占3.85%。表明陕西落叶灌木树种资源丰富，有巨大的开发利用潜力，应合理引种野生落叶灌木树种，丰富该区城镇绿化园林植物的多样性。
Sampling plot method and line intercept method were adopted to study the families/genera, floristic elements, and ornamental value of deciduous shrub species occurring in Shaanxi Province. The results demonstrated that a total of 545 species belonging to 59 families and 160 genera in Shaanxi Province were found, including 10 monocotyledon plants and 535 dicotyledon plants. Among all the wild plants, specifically, the dominant families consisted of Rosaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Leguminosae and Saxifragaceae, and the dominant genera were Lonicera, Rosa, Spiraea and Salix. Based on floristic elements analysis, deciduous shrub species genera could be divided into 10 regional types, and the Cosmopolitan floristic elements ranked highest in this area, accounting for 46.25% of the total. There were five deciduous shrub species ornamental types: flower ornamentals accounting for 44.77%, fruit ornamentals accounting for 22.94%, crown ornamentals accounting for 16.70%, leaf ornamentals accounting for 11.74% and trunk ornamentals accounting for 3.85%. The results indicated that Shaanxi is rich in wild arbor tree resources, with great potential for exploitation, they could be scientifically introduced to landscape field in order to enrich the urban landscape plant diversity