桃品种资源抗根癌病评价
Evaluation of Crown Gall Resistance in Peach Cultivars

为了明确不同桃品种对根癌病的抗性，挖掘抗病基因，为抗病育种提供抗源材料。采用嫁接苗枝条接种强致病力根癌土壤杆菌AT4-3，60 d后测定最大瘿瘤直径评价不同材料的抗病性。对179 个桃栽培品种的抗根癌病能力进行评价，结果表明，不同品种的瘤直径平均值分别为3.44～25.48 mm（2014 年）和5.89～31.40 mm（2015 年）；在2014 年的抗性鉴定中，高度抗病材料1 份，来源于华北平原区品种群，中度抗病材料20 份；在2015 年的抗性鉴定中，中度抗病材料2 份，分别来源于华北平原区品种群和西北干旱区品种群。2 a鉴定中抗性表现较好且稳定的品种有‘二接白’‘肉蟠桃’‘绯桃’‘红桃’‘砂子早生’‘南山甜桃’‘深州离核水蜜’‘张黄9号’‘鸳鸯垂枝’‘临白10号’等。
Crown gall disease incited by Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a serious problem for nursery and field production of many nut plants and stone fruits. At present, we aimed at identifying the resistant germplasm resources from 179 peaches cultivars including landraces, improved varieties and foreign main varieties,in order to lay a foundation for resistance breeding in the future. We assessed the degree of peach cultivars resistance by artificially inoculating virulent A.tumefaciens strain AT4-3 on growing shoots in field experiments. The maximum diameter of tumor was measured by vernier caliper for 60 days after inoculation.The results showed that the tumor diameter was from 3.44 mm to 25.48 mm in 2014 and 5.89 mm to 31.40 mm in 2015. ‘Erjiebai’ from cultivar group planting in Northern China plain was highly resistant and 20 peach landraces were moderately resistant. In 2015,‘Erjiebai’ and ‘Roupantao’ from cultivar group planting in Northern China plain and arid region cultivar group of Northwest China were moderately resistant. In summary,‘Erjiebai’‘Roupantao’‘Feitao’‘Hongtao’‘Sunagowase’‘Nanshantiantao’‘Shenzhouliheshuimi’‘Zhanghuang 9’‘Yuanyangchuizhi’‘Linbai 10’ etc showed stable and good resistance in consecutive two years’ resistance identification.