TBM的平面刀盘与两级刀盘的力学性能对比分析
Comparison of Mechanical Performances Between the Two？？Stage Cutterhead and the Flat？？Face Cutterhead for Rock Tunnel Boring Machine

为解决全断面岩石掘进机(TBM)大直径(>10 m)平面刀盘承受的破岩载荷、偏心载荷过大会造成刀盘大变形、主轴承损坏的问题,引入一种两级刀盘。基于应用在西秦岭隧道的平面刀盘,采用灰关联分析的方法设计了两级刀盘的结构;建立复合岩层条件下平面刀盘和两级刀盘的受力分析模型,对比分析了两种刀盘的破岩总推力和扭矩、刀盘径向不平衡力和倾覆力矩;建立均一岩层条件下两种刀盘的有限元模型,对比分析了两种刀盘的变形和应力分布。结果表明,两级刀盘的各级破岩总推力、扭矩、径向不平衡力、倾覆力矩、刀盘变形和最大应力均比平面刀盘小,说明两级刀盘有效地把破岩载荷分散到各级刀盘,同时提高了刀盘刚度,避免了刀盘应力过度集中,有效减小了刀盘的偏心载荷。
In order to overcome the drawbacks that large cutting load and eccentric load on the TBM’s large diameter (>10 m) flat？？face cutterhead that will cause excessive deformation of the cutterhead and damage of the main bearing, a two？？stage cutterhead was introduced. The two？？stage cutterhead was designed in grey relational analysis method based on the flat？？face cutterhead applied in West Qinling tunnel project. The mechanical performance analysis models of the flat？？face cutterhead and the two？？stage cutterhead under the mixed？？face rock ground condition were built to compare the cutterheads’ rock cutting thrusts and torques, as well as the eccentric forces and moments. And finite element models of the two cutterheads under uniform rock ground condition were built to compare the cutterheads’ deformation and stress distribution. The results show that the rock cutting thrust, the rock cutting torque, the eccentric force and moment, the deformation and maximum stress of the two？？stage cutterhead are smaller than that of flat？？face cutterhead, which illustrates that the rock cutting loads are distributed into two stages of the cutterhead, and at the same time, the stiffness of the cutterhead is increased and the stress concentration and eccentric load of the cutterhead were also decreased