调控东亚飞蝗体温的主要环境因子分析
Research on environmental factors regulating body temperature of oriental migratory locust Locusta migratoria manilensis

为明确东亚飞蝗Locusta migratoria manilensis体温在常年发生区与环境因子之间的关系，于2015-2016年采用直接抓取和网捕方法在天津市北大港蝗区捕捉东亚飞蝗的秋蝗和夏蝗，测量其瞬时体温以及周围4类8个环境指标，应用因子分析法评价东亚飞蝗体温与环境因子的关系。结果表明，东亚飞蝗白天体温比夜间高，平均体温高于26.5℃；且体温在白天出现2次高峰，分别是上午11点左右的49.0℃和下午14点左右的47.2℃。论是夏蝗还是秋蝗，其体温均随着龄期增加呈现上升趋势，2~5龄蝗蝻、成虫的平均体温依次为36.9、37.0、37.6、37.2、38.0℃。因子分析结果表明，植被冠层温度是影响飞蝗体温的关键因子，飞蝗所处地面温度对其体温影响最大；风速和植株高度是影响飞蝗体温的重要分因子；植株高度与体温成负相关。表明植被冠层温度与东亚飞蝗的体温变化最为密切。
To elicit the relationship between the body temperature of oriental migratory locust Locusta migratoria manilensis and environmental factors in its natural breeding region, the instantaneous body temperature of L. m. migratoria and eight ambient factors were investigated and detected using hand-or sweep-net captured second to fifth instars, and adult L. m. manilensis. The results showed that body temperatures of L. m. manilensis were higher in the daytime than in the evening at all tested stages. The average body temperature of L. m. manilensis was above 26.5℃. The two highest peaks of body temperature occurred in the daytime:49.0℃ at about 11 am, and 47.2℃ at about 2 pm. The body temperatures of nymphs increased with age. The average temperatures of 2nd-5th instars and adult were 36.9, 37.0, 37.6, 37.2, 38.0℃, respectively. Factor analysis indicated that temperatures of plant canopy exert the principal effect on locust body temperature, especially the ground temperature. Wind speed and plant height were the second-most important factors with plant heights showing an inverse relationship with locust body temperature. This study disclosed the strongly relationship between temperatures of plant canopy and the locust body temperature.