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- 2018
纳米MgO/LDPE及SiO2/LDPE复合介质潮气吸附机制及其对直流电导特性的影响
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Abstract:
为了研究纳米复合介质的吸潮特性及其对介电性能的影响，应用Materials Studio仿真分析MgO及SiO2纳米粉末对水分子的吸附能，探讨了相关的吸潮机制及纳米MgO和纳米SiO2粉末的吸潮特性，对吸潮前后MgO/低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）和SiO2/LDPE复合介质介电性能的变化进行了试验研究。研究结果表明，水分子在氧化物表面的吸附点位主要是O原子，由于纳米SiO2属无定形，水分子可渗入SiO2纳米粒子内部与更多的O原子形成吸附作用，纳米SiO2具有更大的吸潮量。由于纳米MgO对水分子的吸附能大于纳米SiO2对水分子的吸附能，水分子更难被移除。纳米MgO/LDPE和纳米SiO2/LDPE复合介质较LDPE更易吸潮，其原因是纳米粒子吸附水分子能力较强所致。吸潮对MgO/LDPE和纳米SiO2/LDPE复合介质的介电性能有较大影响，吸潮后复合介质的电流密度值明显上升，水分子的存在可能破坏了原有界面区的紧密结构和荷电特性，削弱了复合介质对载流子迁移的抑制能力。当测试温度增加至60℃以上，受潮后复合介质吸附的水分子基本被移除，纳米MgO/LDPE和SiO2/LDPE复合介质的电流密度值恢复到同干燥试样的电流密度值基本一致。 To understand the moisture absorption properties and its influence on composite, the adsorption energy of water molecules on the surface of nano MgO and SiO2 particles was calculated by Materials Studio simulation software. The relevant mechanisms of moisture absorption were discussed and the changes of the dielectric properties for dry and wet composite were studied. The simulation results show that water molecules are mainly absorbed by the oxygen atom on the surface of oxide. Because water molecules can penetrate into the amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles to form more adsorption so the nano SiO2 has a greater amount of moisture absorption. Due to nano MgO has larger water molecules absorption energy compared with nano SiO2, so the adsorbed water molecules in nano SiO2 are more difficult to be removed. The nano MgO/low-density polyethylene(LDPE) and nano SiO2/LDPE composites could absorb more water molecules than LDPE. The moisture absorption has a negative influence for the dielectric properties of composite. When MgO/LDPE and SiO2/LDPE composite get wet, the conductivity increases. The presence of water molecules may destroy the tight structure and charge characteristics of the original interface region, and weaken the ability of the composite to suppress the carrier migration. When the test temperature increases to above 60℃, the adsorbed water molecules in MgO/LDPE and SiO2/LDPE composite medium are basically removed, and the conductivity of composite recovers. 国家自然科学基金（51337002）；黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划（UNPYSCT-2016162）
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