市场适应性、社会资本和企业制度化研究 ——基于国美电器的案例分析
RESEARCH ON MARKET ADAPTABILITY，SOCIAL CAPITAL AND CORPORATE INSTITUTIONALIZATION ——A Case Study on Gome

摘要 在复杂动态环境中，企业需要应对规模和效率的二元性要求，即对新市场机会的探索和原有确定性的利用。根据环境的主导要求，灵活调动资源分配的组织具有市场适应性。制度化是企业构建或提高市场适应性的有效途径。市场适应性要求企业对环境变化做出迅速反应，而作为重要资源的社会资本具有路径依赖的特征，和市场适应性不会自动匹配，存在动态耦合，从而使企业制度化更加复杂。通过对国美电器案例的纵向研究，本文探讨了市场适应性和社会资本的动态耦合机制对企业制度化的影响。研究发现，企业原有社会资本和市场环境的耦合程度会决定企业制度化的进程：当耦合程度低时企业制度化加快；反之，企业制度化减缓。
Abstract： To adapt the complex and dynamic environment，firms need to deal with the ambiguous demand of “scale” and “efficiency”：the exploration of new opportunity and the existing certaintyAn organization demonstrates market adaptability，which can mobilize the resource allocation flexibly based on the dominant demand of marketInstitutionalization is an effective approach to establish or enhance market adaptabilityMarket adaptability requires firms to response to environmental change rapidlyHowever，as an important resource，social capital is path dependent，which cannot match with market automaticallyTheir developments will be synergy dynamically，which complicates corporate institutionalizationThrough the longitudinal study of Gome，this paper focuses on the effect on corporate institutionalization of the dynamic synergy mechanism of market adaptability and social capitalThis paper finds that Gomes dynamic synergy mechanism determines the progress of corporate institutionalizationWhen they synergize poorly，the progress acceleratesConversely，the progress decelerates