储蓄倾向差异、要素收入分配 和我国产业结构升级*
DIFFERENT SAVING PROPENSITIES，INCOME DISTRIBUTION AND STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION

摘要 高储蓄率、要素收入分配不平等和产业结构升级是我国经济增长过程中三个典型事实。本文构建一个非平衡增长模型表明这三者是一个自洽的系统，存在相互制约和矫正关系。在我国劳动收入和资本收入的储蓄倾向不同与劳动收入占比较低的背景下，高储蓄会出现两个相反地影响产业结构的动力。一方面，高储蓄转化的高投资更多体现为工业品，阻碍了服务业发展，同时，高储蓄导致的低消费使得恩格尔效应无法发挥作用，阻碍了产业结构升级；另一方面，高储蓄导致高投资，推动了资本深化，这又促进了产业结构升级。产业结构变迁又反过来影响社会储蓄率和要素收入分配。文章证明这个系统存在一个广义平衡增长路径。
Abstract： High saving rate，functional income distribution inequality，structure transformation are three main facts in Chinas economic growthThis paper builds an unbalanced growth model，proving that the three facts form a selfconsistent system，and are interrelatedConsidering the different labor income and capital income saving propensities as a background，two opposite driving factors of structure change ariseOn the one hand，high investment resulted from high saving raises manufacturing sector and decelerates service sector directlyMeanwhile，low consumption resulted from high saving rate deactivate Engels effect，impedes structure transformationOn the other hand，high saving causes high investment that fertilizes capital deepening and promotes sector changeSector transformation also effects saving rate and income distributionThis paper proves that the system has a generalized balanced growth path