基于GPS的人工地震测深零时仪研制
Development of a Clock Device for Artificial Seismic Sounding Based on GPS

在人工地震测深野外数据观测系统中，通过人工爆破激发地震波，利用布设在测线观测点位上的地震仪采集来自地壳上地幔的地震波震相信息来进行地震成像，获得研究区地壳上地幔精细结构、深浅部构造关系和发震构造的空间展布特征，进而研究岩石圈演化和动力学过程。为进行后期地震波资料信息的精确处理，需获得人工爆破地震波激发时刻的高精度时间和地理坐标信息。设计一种基于AT89C5115微处理器的GPS同步零时仪装置，介绍其硬件结构设计和固件程序实现方法，授时精度达微秒级，具有人机交互控制和信息数据通信功能。经室内测试和野外实验，零时仪装置运行稳定可靠，能完全满足野外测深工作的需要。
In field data observation systems for artificial seismic sounding, seismic waves are generated by artificial explosion. Seismometers deployed along the surveying line are used to collect the seismic phase information from the crust and upper mantle. This information helps understand the fine structure of the crust and upper mantle, the relationship between shallow and deep structures, and the spatial distribution characteristics of seismogenic structures. Information on these topics aids the study of the evolution and dynamic processes of the lithosphere. It is critical to determine the accurate explosion trigger time and geographical position of the explosion spot to meet the needs of the subsequent seismic data processing. In this study, a new GPS synchronization clock device based on MCU AT89C5115 is designed. This paper introduces the hardware structure and implementation method of the firmware program of the device. The device has the functions of human-machine interaction control and data communication. Indoor and outdoor test results indicate that the clock device is stable and reliable and can meet the needs of artificial seismic field work.