地震荷载下边坡抗滑桩桩土机理的三维模拟分析
Three Dimensional Simulation of Pile-soil Interaction Mechanism of Anti-slide Piles under Seismic Loads

地震是诱发边坡破坏的重要因素之一，而抗滑桩是一种重要的边坡防治工程措施，因此开展地震作用下抗滑桩机理对于边坡防护具有重要的工程意义。本文以广东省梅州市茶阳车站为工程实例，运用ABAQUS软件建立三维模型，对地震作用下的桩土作用机理进行数值模拟分析。研究表明：（1）在地震作用下，边坡中上部水平位移较大，最大值为87.05 mm，凹陷处水平位移远小于凸起处；（2）地震作用下抗滑桩会由于地震荷载产生远大于地震前的应力：静力作用下桩身最大值是147.24 kPa，地震波输入14 s时桩身最大值达到了326.36 kPa；（3）地震作用下抗滑桩的应变亦远大于静力作用下的应变：静力作用下抗滑桩应变最大值是4.63×10-5，在地震波输入的第14 s时桩身应变最大值是34.10×10-5。因此在工程实践中对于地震作用下的抗滑桩边坡加固需要考虑桩的强度与刚度。研究结论对于边坡防治以及工程实践具有一定的指导意义。
Earthquakes are an important factor in inducing slope failure and the anti-slide pile is an important slope-control engineering measure. Therefore, the study of the mechanism of the anti-slide pile during earthquake activity has important engineering significance for slope protection. Previously, the action mechanism of the anti-slide pile has been mainly studied under static loads and there is a lack of research regarding the pile's response to earthquake activity. Many factors must be simplified when using the two-dimensional analysis method, which affects the accuracy of the results. Taking a project in Meizhou city, Guangdong province as an example, we used ABAQUS software to establish a three-dimensional model and then analyzed the mechanism of the pile-soil effect under earthquake activity. The results show the following:(1) Under earthquake activity, the horizontal displacement of the upper part of the slope is relatively large, with a maximum value of 87.05 mm. (2) Under earthquake load, the stress on the anti-slide pile is far greater than that prior to the earthquake:the maximum value under static loads is 147.24 kPa, and the maximum value of the pile body during an earthquake can reach 326.36 kPa. (3) The strain on the anti-slide pile during an earthquake is much larger than that under static loads:The maximum strain under static loads is 4.63×10-5 and the maximum strain of the pile during an earthquake is 34.10×10-5. Therefore, in practical projects, the strength and stiffness of the pile should be taken into account to determine the need for reinforcement of anti-slide piles subjected to earthquake activity. These research conclusions have direct significance on the prevention and control practices adopted in slope engineering projects.