中欧古代体育审美观异同比较
Comparison of Similarities and Differences in Physical Education Aesthetics Between Ancient China and Europe

摘要：采取比较研究和文献资料法，梳理中国与欧洲古代体育审美观的异同点。研究发现中国古代体育推崇的是形与神和谐、善与美统一的审美观，欧洲古代体育尊崇的是人与自然对立、人与神灵和谐的审美观，从人体美、运动美和人文美层面比较中欧古代体育审美观念，其不同点归之于遮蔽的人体审美与自然的裸体欣赏、“天人合一”的儒释道思想与人与自然对立的身心二元论、遵循“道”与“气”一般规律和注重感性与理性双重积淀的差异性上，而相同点则归结于以人体符合人的目的性及规律性为美、以健康体魄乃至生命力充盈为美、以人类崇尚蓬勃向上的精神、风度和气质为美的一致性上。研究结果有助于我国体育美学理论发展和体育审美观念的更新。
Abstract: This paper analyzed similarities and differences in physical education aesthetics between ancient China and Europe by the methods of comparative analysis and literature review. The study found that ancient Chinese physical education praised the aesthetics which was unity between form and spirit, good and beauty highly; while ancient European physical education worshiped the aesthetics that man was antagonistic to nature but harmonious with god. From body beauty, movement beauty and humanity beauty, the differences between ancient Chinese physical education and ancient European physical education were the covered body beauty and natural nudity appreciation, harmony between human and nature, and the mind-body dualism, the focus on the universal law of Tao and Qi and the emphasis on double accumulations of sensibility and sense. And the similarities can be concluded as the coherence of adjusting body to human’s purpose and regarding regularity, fitness, full vitality, and human admire as beauty. This study will promote development of China sports aesthetics theory and renew aesthetic appreciation ideas of physical education