机会计算研究综述
Survey on Opportunistic Computing

随着云时代的来临，大数据吸引了越来越多的关注，然而大数据背景下的设备性能冗余和资源浪费问题却日益突出． 针对上述问题，研究人员提出了机会计算的概念． 机会计算是一种以机会网络为基础的可分散式计算，能够在没有特定的通信路径时利用网络的机会性接触进行通信，并将设备中的计算能力以及数据资源在网络内共享，解决每个节点对性能及资源的需求． 文中介绍了机会计算的概念与特点，给出当前机会计算的一些典型应用，详细阐述了社会型机会计算和机会计算功耗问题等热点问题，并对研究前景进行了展望．
： With the coming of the Cloud Era，the research on Big Data has attracted more and more attention, but the problem about redundancy of equipment performance and waste of resources became complex. In order to solve this problem, the researchers propose the concept of opportunistic computing. Opportunistic computing, which could share computing power and data resources without specific communication path within the network in order to solve the demand for data and computing resources of each nodes, is a distributed computing based on opportunistic network. The concept and characteristics of opportunistic computing are introduced in this paper. The popular research problems including social opportunistic computing and power models are discussed and presented in detail. Other directions and foreground are also briefly presented