北京及周边地区猛禽血液寄生虫的感染率与多样性
Prevalence and Lineage Diversity of Avian Blood Parasites in Raptors

中文摘要：利用分子检测方法对2014-2015年北京及周边地区3目20种126只猛禽血液寄生虫的感染率和多样性进行调查。通过对猛禽血液寄生虫线粒体Cyt b基因的测序和系统发生分析，发现猛禽血液寄生虫的感染率较低（7.94%）。通过与MalAvi数据库比对，共鉴定了7个谱系支，其中3个为新发现的血液变形虫属 Haemoproteus谱系支，2个为首次在鸮形目Strigiformes中发现的谱系支。
英文摘要：In 2014 and 2015, the infection rates and lineage diversity of avian blood parasites were surveyed in the raptors in/around Beijing. Based on nest PCR examination, only 7.94% of the raptors ( n=126) were infected. A total of7 lineages were identified by DNA sequencing of Cyt b and phylogenetic analysis. Comparing to MalAvi database, 3 Haemoproteus lineages were newly reported and 2 lineages were first discovered in Strigiformes. 2017,36(3): 336-340 收稿日期：2017-01-03 DOI：10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20170003 分类号：Q959.7;Q958.9 基金项目：国家林业局野生动物疫源疫病监测项目 作者简介：田雨竹(1999-),女,E-mail:632206540@qq.com *通讯作者：张亚,E-mail:kjgzy@qq.com 参考文献： 高玮. 2002. 中国隼形目鸟类生态学[M]. 北京:科学出版社. 周婕, 夏灿玮, 臧春鑫, 等. 2016. 鸟类血液寄生虫研究方法的发展与比较[J]. 生态学杂志, 35(8):2244-2250. Asghar M, Hasselquist D, Hansson B, et al.2015. Hidden costs of infection:chronic malaria accelerates telomere degradation and senescence in wild birds[J]. Science, 347(6220):436-438. Bensch S, Hellgren O, Péreztris J. 2009. MalAvi:a public database of malaria parasites and related haemosporidians in avian hosts based on mitochondrial cytochrome b lineages[J]. Molecular Ecology Resources, 9(5):1353-1358. Bókony V, Seress G, Nagy S, et al. 2012. Multiple indices of body condition reveal no negative effect of urbanization in adult house sparrows[J]. Landscape & Urban Planning, 104(1):75-84. Clark NJ, Olsson-Pons S, Ishtiaq F, et al. 2015. Specialist enemies, generalist weapons and the potential spread of exotic pathogens:malaria parasites in a highly invasive bird[J]. International Journal for Parasitology, 45(14):891-899. Drummond AJ, Rambaut A. 2007. BEAST:Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees[J]. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 7(1):214. Gutiérrez-López R, Gangoso L, Martínez-de la Puente J, et al. 2015. Low prevalence of blood parasites in a long-distance migratory raptor:the importance of host habitat[J]. Parasites & Vectors, 8(1):189. Hackett SJ, Kimball RT, Reddy S, et al. 2008. A phylogenomic study of birds reveals their evolutionary history[J]. Science, 320(5884):1763-1768. Hellgren O, Péreztris J, Bensch S. 2009. A jack-of-all-trades and still a master of some:prevalence and host range in avian malaria and related blood parasites[J]. Ecology, 90(10):2840-2849. Hellgren O, Waldenstr？m J, Bensch S. 2004. A new PCR assay for simultaneous studies of Leucocytozoon, Plasmodium, and Haemoproteus from avian blood[J].