妊娠期糖尿病胎盘基因表达变化及功能分析

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM）胎盘基因表达变化，对差异表达基因（differentially expressed genes, DEGs）进行功能分析。方法采用基因芯片技术及RT-qPCR方法检测GDM胎盘基因表达变化，应用GO和KEGG数据库对DEGs进行富集分析。结果基因芯片技术筛查出1773种（4.3%）DEGs，应用GO数据库从生物学过程、分子功能和细胞成分等方面对DEGs进行生物功能分类，发现DEGs主要与依赖DNA的转录调控、蛋白磷酸化、基因表达等生物学过程相关，与蛋白结合、金属离子结合、锌离子结合的细胞成分相关，与细胞核、细胞质、细胞内的分子功能相关。KEGG数据库分析提示DEGs参与了Wnt、Spliceosome和TGF-β等信号通路。结论GDM胎盘部分基因表达发生变化，这种变化涉及多种生物学过程、分子功能及信号通路，从而导致GDM胎盘功能发生变化。研究GDM胎盘基因表达及功能变化有助于充分理解GDM疾病并指导临床诊疗。
ObjectiveTo explore the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their function in placenta of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). MethodsPlacenta samples were obtained from 3 normal puerperants and 3 puerperants with GDM who underwent cesarean section for delivery. Microarray chips were used to screen the DEGs in GDM placenta followed by Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) validation. Gene GO and KEGG database were employed to analyze the function of DEGs. ResultsTotal 1773 genes (4.3%) were found to be differentially expressed in GDM placenta (P<0.05). Gene Go analysis revealed DEGs function in the aspects of biological process, molecular function and cellular component. The biological process mainly was related to regulation of DNA transcription, protein phosphorylation and gene expression. The molecular function was related to protein binding, metal ion binding and zinc ion binding. The cellular components of DEGs were mainly in nucleus, cytoplasm and intracellular fluid. Gene KEGG analysis showed that the top three signaling pathways were Wnt signaling pathway, Spliceosome, and TGF-β signaling pathway. ConclusionThere are some gene expressed differentially in placenta of patients with GDM, which are involved in various biological process, cellular components and molecular function. The study result would be of value in the understanding and manage of gestational diabetes mellitus