黄芪多糖对非酒精性脂肪肝病大鼠的治疗作用

目的 研究黄芪多糖（APS）对高脂饮食诱导的非酒精性脂肪肝病（NAFLD）大鼠的治疗作用。方法 取36只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组（8只）和疾病模型组（28只），疾病模型组大鼠给予高脂饲料喂养6周建立NAFLD大鼠模型。取其中25只NAFLD模型大鼠随机分为NAFLD模型组（7只）、辛伐他汀组（9只，6.7 mg·kg-1·d-1辛伐他汀灌胃给药）和APS组（9只，700 mg·kg-1·d-1 APS灌胃给药），正常对照组和NAFLD模型组大鼠给予相同体积双蒸水灌胃，各组均连续灌胃8周。比较各组大鼠的饮食量、能量摄入量、饮水量、排泄量和血清生物化学指标。采集大鼠肝脏组织计算肝脏指数，测定肝组织中总胆固醇（TC）和三酰甘油（TG）含量，并于光学显微镜下观察肝脏组织结构和细胞形态。结果 NAFLD模型组大鼠的能量摄入量高于正常对照组（P<0.05），饮食量、饮水量和排泄量均低于正常对照组（P均<0.05）。辛伐他汀组和APS组大鼠的饮食量、能量摄入量、饮水量和排泄量与NAFLD模型组相比差异均无统计学意义，且两组间差异也均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。与NAFLD模型组相比，辛伐他汀和APS组大鼠血清TC、TG、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和丙二醛含量均降低（P均<0.05），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量和总超氧化物歧化酶活性均增加（P均<0.05），且肝组织中TC和TG含量以及肝脏指数和肝细胞内脂滴数目、脂滴面积均下降（P均<0.05）。APS组大鼠血清中葡萄糖、丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶水平均低于NAFLD模型组（P均<0.05），但辛伐他汀组与NAFLD模型组相比差异无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。结论 APS可有效调节NAFLD大鼠的血清葡萄糖、血脂和肝脏脂滴水平，其机制可能与APS的抗氧化作用有关。
Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on high fat-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats. Methods Totally 36 male SD rats were randomized into normal control group (n=8) and disease model group (n=28). The rats in the disease model group were fed with high-fat diet for 6 weeks to establish rat model of NAFLD. Twenty-five of 28 NAFLD model rats were randomized into NAFLD model group (n=7), simvastatin group (n=9, intragastric administration of simvastatin[6.7 mg·kg-1·d-1]) and APS group (n=9, intragastric administration of APS[700 mg·kg-1·d-1]). The rats in the normal control group and the NAFLD model group were intragastrically given the same volume of double distilled water. The rats in each group were continuously fed for 8 weeks. The dietary intake, energy intake, drinking water, excretion and serum biochemical parameters were compared between the four groups. Liver tissues were collected to calculate the liver index and measure the contents of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG). The liver tissue structure and cell morphology were observed under the optical microscope. Results The energy intake of rats in the NAFLD model group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P<0.05), and the dietary intake, drinking water and excretion were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in dietary intake, energy intake, drinking water or excretion between the simvastatin, APS and NAFLD model groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the NAFLD model group, serum levels of TC, TG, lowdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol and malondialdehyde were significantly decreased, and the level of high-density lipoproteincholesterol and