施肥机施肥性能检测装置的设计与试验

[目的] 为了评价施肥机实时施肥效果,设计了一种基于皮带秤的施肥机施肥性能检测装置。[方法] 该装置可以检测排肥口的实时流量,同时利用皮带秤的运行速度模拟施肥机的田间行驶速度,在室内实现施肥机单位面积实时施肥性能的检测。[结果] 精度测量试验表明:检测装置能检测施肥机的动态施肥特性,其计量相对误差平均值为1.76%,方差1.03%。应用检测装置对苏南地区应用广泛的外槽轮式施肥机的施肥性能进行了测定,结果表明:检测装置能有效测定排肥口流量和单位面积施肥量的动态特性。[结论] 在满足施肥流量要求的前提下,减小槽轮开度和增加槽轮齿数有利于改善槽轮式施肥机的施肥特性。
[Objectives] In order to evaluate the real-time fertilization performance of fertilizer, the equipment based on belt scale for detecting the fertilization performance of fertilizer applicator was developed.[Methods] This equipment can be used to measure the real-time flow rate of a fertilizer feeder. And the driving speed of the fertilizer applicator in the field can be simulated by the speed of the belt. So the performance of feeding fertilizer in per unit area can be evaluated in the laboratory.[Results] The precision measurement experiments of the equipment showed that the dynamic fertilization performance of the fertilizer applicator could be measured. The average relative error of the measurement was 1.76%, and the variance of the relative error was 1.03%. The fertilization performance of a fertilizer applicator equipped with external fluted-wheels, which is widely used in Jiangsu Province, was tested by using the equipment we designed.[Conclusions] The tested results indicated that reducing the opening width and adding tooth number of the fluted-wheels were efficient ways to improve the fertilization performance