日粮中大豆异黄酮对环境内分泌干扰物3-甲基-4-硝基酚所致公鸡肝损伤的影响

[目的] 本文旨在研究大豆异黄酮(soybean isoflavone,SI)对环境内分泌干扰物3-甲基-4-硝基酚(3-methyl-4-nitrophenol,PNMC)所致公鸡肝损伤的影响及其作用机制。[方法] 将1日龄健康白羽公鸡48只随机分为3组(每组4个重复,每个重复4只):基础饲粮组(对照组)、基础饲粮+饮水添加10 mg？L-1 PNMC组(PNMC组)、基础饲粮+饮水添加10 mg？L-1 PNMC+饲料添加100 mg？kg-1SI组(PNMC+SI组),试验期共42 d,分别于21和42 d采样。记录公鸡的生长性能和肝脏质量,并计算肝脏指数;检测肝脏组织中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)及过氧化氢(H2O2)含量;HE染色观察肝脏组织病理变化。[结果] 与对照组相比,PNMC组在21和42 d公鸡体质量均显著降低(P<0.05),22~42 d和1~42 d日增体质量极显著降低(P<0.01),1~21 d、22~42 d、1~42 d料重比及采食量升高(P<0.01),42 d肝脏质量及肝组织匀浆中GSH含量降低(P<0.05);与PNMC组比较,PNMC+SI组在21和42 d公鸡体质量显著增加(P<0.05),1~21 d、22~42 d日增体质量极显著上升(P<0.01),22~42 d、1~42 d采食量极显著降低(P<0.01),1~21 d、22~42 d、1~42 d料重比极显著下降(P<0.01);42 d肝组织匀浆中GSH含量显著升高(P<0.05);而肝组织中T-SOD、CAT活性及MDA、H2O2含量均无显著差异(P>0.05);组织切片表明PNMC组和对照组相比,肝组织多处出现坏死及不同程度的核固缩,而PNMC+SI组肝组织损伤明显减轻,趋向于对照组,缓解了肝脏组织的病理变化。[结论] 大豆异黄酮能够缓解3-甲基-4-硝基酚引起的公鸡肝损伤,增强公鸡肝脏抗氧化能力。
[Objectives] The aim of the paper is to investigate the effects of soybean isoflavones(SI)on liver injury induced by environmental endocrine disruptor 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol(PNMC)in roosters and its mechanism. [Methods] Forty-eight healthy white roosters(1 day-old)were randomly divided into 3 groups(4 replicates per group and 4 birds per replicate):basal diet group(control group),basal diet+10 mg？L-1 PNMC in water group(PNMC group),basal diet+10 mg？L-1 PNMC in water+100 mg？kg-1 SI in diet group(PNMC+SI group). The trial lasted 42 days and samples were collected on 21 and 42 days,respectively,and the growth performance was recorded. On the final day,livers were sampled and weighed to calculate the liver index. Activities of T-SOD,CAT and contents of MDA,GSH and H2O2 in liver tissues were assessed. In addition,morphological changes of livers were observed using HE staining. [Results] Compared with the control group,body weights in PNMC group decreased on 21 and 42 days(P<0.05);ADG reduced during 22-42 d and 1-42 d;while ADFI and F/G significantly increased during 1-21 d,22-42 d and 1-42 d(P<0.01);liver weight and the content of GSH were significantly lower on 42 days(P<0.05). Compared with PNMC group,final body weight in PNMC+SI group significantly increased(P<0.01);ADG was higher during 1-21 d and 22-42 d;and F/G markedly decreased during 1-21 d,22-42 d and 1-42 d(P<0.01);meanwhile,the GSH content in PNMC+SI group was significantly enhanced on 42 days(P<0.05),while contents of T-SOD,CAT,MDA,H2O2 of livers in PNMC group and PNMC+SI group showed no significant difference compared with those in control group(P>0.05). Multiple hepatocyte necrosis and different