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- 2015
调亏灌溉对海岛棉花铃期光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响
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Abstract:
在新疆自然生态条件下，利用膜下滴灌技术，以正常灌溉量(CK)为对照，设正常灌溉量的75%、50%、25%三个处理，研究调亏灌溉对海岛棉花铃期光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响，旨在为新疆海岛棉节水灌溉技术的发展提供理论依据。结果 表明，花后30 d海岛棉出现光合作用的高峰，此时随着调亏程度的增加蒸腾速率(Tr)显著降低，轻度调亏(W1)的净光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs)下降不显著，但中度(W2)、重度调亏(W3)则显著下降。海岛棉开花后10～30 d实际光量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)显著增大，随着调亏程度增大，最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、ΦPSⅡ显著下降。W1在开花30 d后，与CK相比Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ、qP、NPQ下降不明显，而W2、W3显著下降。因此，分析认为在海岛棉开花后30 d内，不宜进行调亏灌溉，而30 d后可轻度调亏灌溉。
In order to provide the theoretical basis for water-saving irrigation of island cotton in Xinjiang, under the natural ecological conditions, using the technology of drip irrigation pipes under plastic film, with the normal irrigation (CK) as control, set up three treatments as 75%, 50%, 25% of the normal irrigation amount, studied the effects of regulated deficit irrigation(RDI) on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics in flowering and boll-forming stage of island cotton,. The results showed that: The peak of photosynthesis of island cotton appeared at 30 days after flowering, at this time with increasing RDI degree, the transpiration rate (Tr) will be significantly decreased. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) did not significantly decrease by the mild RDI (W1), but they were significantly declined by the moderate (W2) and severe RDI (W3). After flowering 10～30 days, the actual light quantum yield (ΦPSⅡ) and coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP) will be significantly increased, but with increasing RDI degree, the maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and ΦPSⅡ will be significantly decreased. After flowering 30 days, the W1 treatment compared with CK the Fv/Fm, ΦPSⅡ, qP, NPQ did not significantly decrease, but the W2 and W3 treatments significantly decreased. Therefore, through analysis, we considered during 30 days after flowering of the island cotton was unsuitable to carry out RDI, and after 30 days it can be carried out the mild RDI.
