多穗柯挥发性组分分析及抗癌活性的初步研究

本研究以多穗柯为材料，采用同时蒸馏萃取法（SDE）提取挥发性组分，通过气质联用仪（GC-MS）分析挥发性组分组成，并以Hepa1c1c7小鼠肝癌细胞模型，以细胞存活率大于50%，诱导醌还原酶（QR）活性等于或大于2为活性指标，研究多穗柯挥发性组分及其主要单体物质的抗癌活性。结果显示，GC-MS共鉴定出80种多穗柯挥发性物质，占总挥发性组分相对百分含量的92.56%，其中酮类、醇类和醛类物质是多穗柯挥发性组分的主要类型，其主要成分有香叶基丙酮、β-紫罗酮、壬醛和桉油烯醇等。抗癌活性鉴定表明，多穗柯挥发性组分的浓度为(27.50±0.10) μg/mL时可诱导QR活性达到倍增，具有较强的抗癌活性；其中芳樟醇、香叶基丙酮和壬醛三个主要挥发性单体成分诱导QR活性达到倍增的浓度分别为(54.53±0.10) μg/mL、(283.10±0.10) μg/mL和(297.77±0.12) μg/mL。
Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. was selected as a starting material to extract volatile components using simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) method. The composition of volatile components was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Subsequently, the anticancer activities of the volatile components and major monomeric substances of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. were studied using mouse hepatoma cells (Hepa1c1c7). A cell viability of greater than 50% and quinone reductase (QR) induction activity greater than or equal to 2 were set as the activity indicators. The results showed that a total of over 80 types of major volatile compounds were identified by the GC-MS analysis, accounting for 92.56% of the total volatiles. Ketones, alcohols, and aldehydes were the major chemical types. Among them, geranylacetone, β-ionone, nonanal, and spathulenol were the most abundant volatile components. The measurement of anti-cancer activity indicated that the induced QR activity was amplified when the concentration of volatile components of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. was (27.50±0.10) μg/mL. And the concentrations of linalool, geranylacetone, and nonanal, the three main volatile components that enhanced the induced QR activity, were (54.53±0.10) μg/mL, (283.10±0.10) μg/mL, and (297.77±0.12) μg/mL, respectively.