The volumetric flow rate of smoke generated from the fire in large space often
reaches to hundreds of thousands CMH because of extended floor height and
as it’s more difficult to isolate the smoke to the limited area, comparing to
normal-scale building, design and operation of effective smoke control system
for large space is more than important. In this study, with the analysis model
for such a large space as exhibition hall or conference room in conventional
center, design of mechanical smoke exhaust system was conducted based on
currently-available design standard which was then followed by numerical
analysis of the design using 3D numerical analysis method. For conference
room at 2.0 MW heat release rate, 99,173 CMH flow rate is required, if smoke
layer is maintained at 60% of the floor height and for exhibition hall at 8.8
MW with 80% of floor height, flow rate required is 219,802 CMH, which are
incorporated into the design. In view of 3D numerical analysis, accuracy of
the design according to algebraic expression is sufficient.
References
[1]
National Fire Protection Association (2005) NFPA 92B: Standard for Smoke Management Systems in Malls, Atria, and Large Spaces.
[2]
International Code Council (2012) International Building Code.
[3]
Harrison, R. and Spearpoint, M. (2007) The Balcony Spill Plume: Entrainment of Air into a Flow from a Compartment Opening to a Higher Projecting Balcony. Fire Technology, 43, 301-317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-007-0019-3
[4]
Qin, T.X., Gue, Y.C., Chan, C.K. and Lin, W.Y. (2009) Numerical Simulation of the Spread of Smoke in an Atrium under Fire Scenario. Building and Environment, 44, 56-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.01.014
[5]
Jie, J., Kaiyuan, L., Wei, Z. and Ran, H. (2010) Experimental Investigation on Influence of smoke Venting Velocity and Vent Height on Mechanical Smoke Exhaust Efficiency. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 177, 209-215.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.019
[6]
Gutierrez-Montes, C., Sanmiguel-Rojas, E. and Viedma, A. (2010) Influence of Different Make-Up Air Configurations on the Fire-Induced Conditions in an Atrium. Building and Environment, 45, 2458-2472.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.05.006
[7]
British Standards Institution (2003) PD 7974-1: 2003 Application of Fire Safety Engineering Principles to the Design of Buildings—Part1: Initiation and Development of Fire within the Enclosure of Origin.
[8]
National Institute of Standards and Technology (2016) Fire Dynamics Simulator (Version 6.3.2) User’s Guide.
