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高羊茅与黑麦草混播种间相互作用对密度效应的响应

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2014.04.015, PP. 81-86

Keywords: 人工生态系统,高羊茅,黑麦草,植物相互作用,密度效应

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Abstract:

以人工草地生态系统为对象,分析在各生长发育阶段,随密度水平变化植物间正、负相互作用的转化,采用复合dewit取代试验设计,研究了高羊茅与黑麦草生长前期、中期、后期,不同种植密度(低(32株/钵)、中(64株/钵)、高(128株/钵))水平上的叶片长和宽、根长、生物量及根冠比变化。结果表明:单播时,两种草叶片宽度在各个时期都受到密度制约;叶片长度、根长、干质量及根冠比在生长前、中期没有严格受密度效应制约,而后期均随密度增大而减小。混播的植株形态与生物量在后期显著高于单播方式,并且种植密度越大该现象出现越早,此外生物量随密度增加下降的程度也小于单播;中、后期混播根冠比显著小于单播。混播时正、负相互作用的表现依赖于生长时期和密度梯度,特别在生长后期,混播有助于该生态系统的稳定。同一时期内高密度使正作用削弱,但有利于正作用在较早时期产生。混播可能引起两个草种对潜在生态位的利用,出现生态位分化。因此,在生长后期,同一密度下混播草种间表现出正相互作用,而不同密度又表现出负相互作用,说明混播草坪生态系统比单播的草坪更加稳定。

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